2. THE DRUM SET AS AMERICAN AS AMERICA

3. ORIGINS Bass Drum - Davul, Turkish Tom Toms – African and Asian Cymbals – Chinese and Turkish Snare drum – Tabor, European

4. PERCUSSION BEFORE THE TRAP SET Two or more drummers always present Military field marching Orchestral Percussion

5. THE BASS DRUM PEDAL & THE SNARE STAND Dedicated snare stand allows snare player to sit while playing 1909 William F. Ludwig and brother Theobald market improved bass drum beater Bass pedals are sold with cymbal striker attachment up until the Hi-Hat was invented After the success of the bass pedal lots of other percussion instruments tried to become foot activated

6. DEVELOPMENT OF THE HI-HAT The Low-Boy was developed in the 20’s Drummers such as Warren Baby Dodds used the Low-Boy to accent the “weak beats” (2 & 4) By the mid 20’s the Low-Boy had grown into what is now known as the Hi-Hat

7. TUNABLE TOMS Before 1936 all toms on the drum set were tacked This made changing the pitch of the drum incredibly difficult Separate Tension Tunable Tom-Toms Slingerland Drums Co. Drums are tightened or loosened by the use of a drum key

8. PLASTIC VS. CALF SKIN In 1956 Chick Evans developed the first plastic drum head Calf skin heads have unbeatable sound, while plastic heads have unbeatable reliability Plastic drum heads have allowed for further development of the snare drum i.e. Kevlar heads on super high-tension marching snares

9. DRUM SET’S VARYING ROLE IN MUSIC At first the trap set player was looked upon as just a time keeper, but now the drummer has just as much creative freedom as any other member in the band. Different styles of music dictate how the drums should be played.

10. KEY PLAYERS Gene Krupa was the first drum soloist Started playing the drums when he was just 11 Most known for Sing, Sing, Sing by Benny Goodman Buddy Rich began playing on Broadway at the age of 4 His drumming career spanned 70 years until his death in 1987 Max Roach was one of the bebop founders, which uses the ride cymbal to keep the pulse and is performed at super high tempos. He has had over 50 studio albums within his 70 year long career

11. GLOBALIZATION

12. HYBRIDIZATION Afro/Cuban 6/8 feel

13. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1921, By. Buddy Rich :: The Official Web Site. Web. 18 Nov. 2010.. "Davul." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 18 Nov. 2010.. "Gene Krupa's Biography." America's Ace Drummer Man Gene Krupa. Web. 18 Nov. 2010.. "History Of The Snare Drum." Ring-Arrestor Drum Mufflers. Web. 18 Nov. 2010.. Malabe, Frank, and Bob Weiner. Afro-Cuban Rhythms for Drumset. [New York?]: Manhattan Music, 1990. Print. "Max Roach Biography." Entertainment News | Entertainment Photos | Entertainment Video | Starpulse.com. Web. 18 Nov. 2010..