1. 1 Community Structure of Planktonic Copepods in I-Lan Bay and the Adjacent Kuroshio Waters off Northeastern Taiwan Community Structure of Planktonic Copepods in I-Lan Bay and the Adjacent Kuroshio Waters off Northeastern Taiwan 宜蘭灣及台灣東北部外海黑潮流域之 浮游橈足類的群聚結構 Crustaceana 79 (10): 1223-1240 CHUN-YEIN LEE 1,4), CHANG-TAI SHIH 2) and CHIEN-CHUNG HSU 3) Meng-Yao Lee

2. 2 Introduction

3. 3

4. 4 Tropical Level and Marine Food Chains

5. 5 Objectives Objectives ► ► This research are to illustrate the relationship between copepod distribution and hydrographic factors and to monitor the faunas of marine planktonic copepods. ► Important organisms and their seasonal community dynamics, such as species composition, abundance, distributional pattern, parameters of biodiversity, community structure, and other issues of biological oceanography.

6. 6 Material and Method

7. 7 4/20~21 1/7~8 7/22~23 10/21~22 1. Data collect

8. 8 Choice stations (R/V Hai-Chien) Samples Diveded 、 enumeration and Identification Ring trawl net ( 335µm,1m,0.5m/s) CTD (SBE19)

9. 9 CTD (SBE19) Choice stations R/V Hai-Chien Samples 種類計數、鑑別 Ring trawl net ( 335µm,1m,0.5m/s)

10. 10 CTD (SBE19) Choice stations R/V Hai-Chien Samples Ring trawl net ( 335µm,1m,0.5m/s) Diveded 、 enumeration and Identification

11. 11 5%formaldehyde CTD (SBE19) Choice stations R/V Hai-Chien Samples Ring trawl net ( 335µm,1m,0.5m/s) Diveded 、 enumeration and Identification

12. 12 CTD (SBE19) Choice stations R/V Hai-Chien Samples Ring trawl net ( 335µm,1m,0.5m/s) Diveded 、 Enumeration and Identification

13. 2. Data identification ： Species ： Shih, C. T., MS 、 Chen ＆ Zhang (1965) Chihara and Murano(1997) … rudimentary ( genus feature ) Maturity of identification (appendages) (P5) (genital somites) species genera copepodid develop

14. 14 3. Data analysis Diversity index Richness Evenness Species compositions were compared among station and copepod species diversity Jaccard coefficient Similarity between two communities UPGMACluster

15. 15 Y i : the dominance of species i N i : the number of individuals of species i at all stations N : the number of individuals of all species at all stations f i : the frequency of station that species i occurs R : the seasonal replacement rate of dominant species a ＆ b : the numbers of dominant species occurring in two adjoining seasons respectively c : the number of dominant species common to both

16. 16 Result

17. 17 Winter January Spring April Summer July Autumn October Hydrographic characteristics

18. T-S diagrams in 2004

19. Species composition Poecilostomatoida, 35 species 52 species were common in all seasons 4 orders, 25 families, 53 genera, 137 species Calanoida, 94 species Cyclopoida, 7 species Harpacticoida, 1 species

20. 20 Oncaea venusta Cosmocalanus darwini Clausocalanus minor Oithona plumifera 100% Ctenocalanus, Neoscolecithrix, Scaphocalanus, Scolecithricella, and Tharybis. Genera 33 species single A B KS C D 5 species 6 species 8 species 6 species

21. 21 Abundance and the dominant species 1334 ind./m 3 Spring 999±372 ind/m 3 > Shelf waters > Kuroshio waters 26 dominant species all seasons single seasons 64.7% 47.7% 49.2-75.7% 43-57.7%

22. Biodiversity parameters (H’) (J’) (S)(S) (H’) 3.03-5.16 (J’) 0.57-0.91 (S) 77-101

23. 23 Distributional association Biological oceanography A BKS C D 239 ind./m 3 255 ind./m 3 Shelf region Summer KS 、 C All season Calanus sinicus

24. 24 Discussion

25. 25 Aetideus truncatus 7 species Candacia ethiopica Pontellina plumata Gaetanus minor Haloptilus longcornis Pareucalanus attenuatus Scolecithricella dentata Candacia longimana

26. 26 this stduyYang et al. (1999b)Xu et al. (2004) regoinNE TaiwanN TaiwanECS species137223226 common species(%)37.931.832.7 dominant species261317 R(%)47.7~ 64.736.4~7566.7~ 88.9 Clausocalanus spp. (Frost & Fleminger, 1968; Chihara & Murano, 1997) Temora turbinata Calanus sinicus Cosmocalanus darwini Nannocalanus minor Undinula vulgaris Acrocalanus gibber

27. 27 999±372 ind./m3(A) 155±129 ind./m3(D) Coast shelf nutrients (Lalli & Parsons, 2000) Meng et al. (1996), Yang et al. (1999a), and Xu et al. (2003).

28. Kang & Hong (1995) Chern&Wang(1994) and Lee&Hu(1998) (H) 4.84~ 5.17(S) 46~ 57

29. 29 Temora turbinata Yang et al. (1999b) 35%Seaward Calanus sinicus B 39.5% D 40.4% Calanus sinicus Yellow Sea East China Sea 85% of total zooplankton in Spring

30. 30 Northern : Spring-Summer Lower water temperature Southern : Winter Autumn Calanus sinicus Xu et al. (2004) Countercurrent Kuroshio slope shelf edge Northern Taiwan 23 ℃、 KC deeper Shih & Chiu (1998)

31. 31 Conclusion

32. 32 In I-Lan Bay and the Adjacent Kuroshio Waters are not significant difference of copepods community structure compared with past study, and seasonal fluctuations of copepods distributed in this study. Copepods abundence 、 Speciees number and diversity index showed a decreaseing trend seward. (coast to shelf) Copepod species distribution patterns with Kuroshio current and two major type : Spring-Winter and Summer-Autumn. Calanus sinicus is an indicator species Kuroshio Current and East China Sea waters.

33. 33 Thank you