1. CHAPTER 2 Justice and Virtues

2. Virtue Virtue Habitual and firm disposition to do the good. Justice

3. Theological Virtues God-given virtues that direct us to our loving, Triune God.

4. Faith - Empowers us to believe in God and all that God has said and revealed to us, including what the Church proposes for our belief, because God is truth itself. Virtue

5. Hope - Empowers us to trust in God’s promises. Charity/Love  - Enables us to love God above everything and to love our neighbor as ourselves. Virtue

6. Cardinal Virtues “Hinge” virtues that enable us to live moral lives.

7. Prudence - Good common sense, wisdom; human reason married to truth. VirtueFortitude  - Courage to do what is true and right. Artist: Luca GiordanoLuca Giordano

8. Temperance - Moderates the attraction of pleasures and provides balance in the use of created goods (balance/self-control). Justice - We give God and our neighbor what is their due by right. Virtue

9. Virtues Cardinal Theological Faith Hope Love/ Charity Prudence Fortitude Justice Temperance

10. “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.” Martin Luther King

11. Justice As A Virtue - Commutative Justice The justice of exchange. The justice of exchange. Calls for fairness in agreements and exchanges between individuals or private social groups. Calls for fairness in agreements and exchanges between individuals or private social groups. Equality based on what is given and what is received. Equality based on what is given and what is received.

12. - Distributive Justice Justice that guarantees the common welfare. Justice that guarantees the common welfare. Involves sharing. Involves sharing. Just distribution of the goods of creation that God intends all of us to use and share. Just distribution of the goods of creation that God intends all of us to use and share. Concerns the obligation of the government to its citizens. Concerns the obligation of the government to its citizens. Justice As A Virtue

13. - Legal Justice Citizens’ obligations toward Citizens’ obligations toward the larger society and the larger society and government. government. Requires a citizen to obey the laws of society and possibly serve the government. Requires a citizen to obey the laws of society and possibly serve the government. Justice As A Virtue

14. - Social Justice Applies the Gospel message of Jesus Applies the Gospel message of Jesus Christ to the structures, systems, and laws of society in order to guarantee the rights of individuals. Ensures that persons have a fair say in social, Ensures that persons have a fair say in social, political, and economical institutions of society. Charity vs. Justice… Charity vs. Justice… charity = justice = Justice As A Virtue social servicesocial change

15. The Bible on Justice the Old Testament The Covenant

16. The Bible on Justice GOD HIS PEOPLE God’s Justice Faithfulness

17. The Bible on Justice the New Testament the covenant continues

18. - Justice in the New Testament:  Jesus taught the love of God and love of neighbor as oneself are the Greatest Commandments.  In order to embrace God’s kingdom, one must live according to the Beatitudes.  We are to respond to the needs of the least in our midst. (Parable of sheep and goats) The Bible on Justice

19.  - Justice in the New Testament:  Our neighbor is everyone. (Parable of the Good Samaritan)  Be compassionate about the needs of others. (Parable of the day laborers)  Jesus’ passion death and resurrection was an act of love for all to save us.  Jesus formed a just community to carry on his work after his ascension.  Criteria to be a member of the community is to SERVE.

20. Catholic Social Teaching on Justice “God does not ask me to be successful, but to be faithful.” Mother Teresa

21. Catholic Social Teaching on Justice shared their property and goods, condemned selfishness, and encouraged sharing. shared their property and goods, condemned selfishness, and encouraged sharing. Early Christians… Early Christians…

22. In the history of our Church, what did each of these people do to promote justice? St. Augustine of Hippo St. Augustine of Hippo St. Francis of Assisi St. Francis of Assisi St. Vincent de Paul St. Vincent de Paul St. Louise de Marillac St. Louise de Marillac St. Elizabeth Ann Seton St. Elizabeth Ann Seton

23. In the history of our Church: We have established: Hospitals Homes for battered women Orphanages Schools to educate the poor Homes for aged and dying Much more

24. Catholic Social Teaching on Justice Pope Leo XIII Developed the Church’s modern social teachings.

25. Rerum Novarum (The Condition of Labor) written by Pope Leo XIII to condemn the abuses of Marxist socialism and unbridled capitalism. Marked the beginning of the Church’s social teaching in the modern era. Marked the beginning of the Church’s social teaching in the modern era. Catholic Social Teaching on Justice

26. Other notable events: Second Vatican Council The American Conference of Bishops

27. Catholic Social Teaching on Justice The Bottom Line Working for justice is an essential dimension of Christian living. It is not optional.

28. Cesar Chavez 1927 - 1993 The Immigration Issue

29.  Refugee – A person who leaves his or her country and is unwilling to return due to persecution.  Immigrant – A person who leaves one country to take up permanent residence in another country.  Migrant – One who moves within one’s country or between countries in search of work.

30. Immigration Debate Class poll: Open Immigration (pro & con) Rules for Debate  Presentation by pro argument – uninterrupted (5 min.)  Rebuttal by opponent – 2 Questions  Presentation by con argument – uninterrupted (5 min.)  Rebuttal by opponent – 2 Questions  Groups will alternate asking questions (answers limited to 2 min.)  Summation – summary statement (1 min. ea. Group) Follow-up class poll: Open Immigration (pro & con) Turn in individual outlines / Final class discussion

31. Vocabulary  virtue  cardinal virtue  theological virtue  prudence  fortitude  temperance  justice  faith  hope  charity/love

32.  commutative justice  distributive justice  legal justice  social justice  covenant  Rerum Novarum  globalization  refugee  immigrant  migrant Vocabulary