1. A Violent Choice: Civil War, 1861-1865 Chapter 14

2. The Politics of War Union Policies and Objectives –Lincoln Had to rebuild an army in disarray –Radical Republicans Confederate Policies and Objectives –Diverse state goals –Planned to win with its army

3. p341

4. Table 14-1 p342

5. The Diplomatic Front –South sought international recognition Especially by Britain –Britain proclaimed official neutrality but did grant the South belligerent status –Trent Affair The Union’s First Attack –Battle of Bull Run Won by the South The Politics of War

6. Table 14-2 p343

7. Map 14-1 p344

8. From Bull Run to Antietam Struggle for the Mississippi –North gained control of upper and lower Mississippi Battle of Shiloh New Orleans Vicksburg

9. Map 14-2 p347

10. Table 14-3 p347

11. Lee’s Aggressive Defense of Virginia –Peninsular Campaign –Second Battle of Bull Run Lee’s Invasion of Maryland –Antietam From Bull Run to Antietam

12. Map 14-3 p349

13. Diplomacy and the Politics of Emancipation –Britain maintained neutrality –Emancipation Proclamation Lincoln drew this up under pressure from the Radical Republicans It did not actually free any slaves From Bull Run to Antietam

14. The Human Dimensions of the War Instituting the Draft –Both armies faced serious lack of manpower at end of 1862 –Conscription Act –South’s compulsory draft also allowed for exemptions –Deep resentment –Riots

15. p351

16. Wartime Economy in the North and South –North industry and economy expanded Government assistance –South’s lack of industrial base Printed paper money not backed by specie Women in Two Nations at War –Assumed greater responsibilities –Nurses, scouts, couriers, spies, and soldiers The Human Dimensions of the War

17. Free Blacks, Slaves, and War –180,000 blacks served in Union –Discrimination –South relied on slave labor Life and Death at the Front –Life in camp as dangerous as life on front The Human Dimensions of the War

18. p355

19. Waging Total War Lincoln’s Generals and Southern Successes –Battle of Chancellorsville –Summer of 1863 saw two critical Union wins –Lincoln turned to Grant

20. Table 14-4 p358

21. Grant, Sherman, and the Invention of Total War –Grant and Sherman willing to practice total war Tolerate enormous loss of life to win The Election of 1864 and Sherman’s March to the Sea –Union victories enabled Lincoln’s re-election Waging Total War

22. Table 14-5 p359

23. Map 14-4 p361

24. The End of Lee and Lincoln –Appomattox Lee surrendered to Grant –Lincoln’s assassination Several days after surrender at Appotmattox –Despite Lee’s surrender, some fighting continued Waging Total War

25. Map 14-5 p363

26. p367