1. CHS AP Psychology Unit 8: Motivation, Emotion and Stress Essential Task 8.8: Describe how emotions are expressed and how cultural influences shape emotional expression.

2. Expressed Emotion Emotions are expressed on the face, by the body, and by the intonation of voice. Is this non-verbal language of emotion universal?

3. 3 Expressed Emotions

4. 4 The Communication Process

5. 5 Expressed Emotion: Uncomfortable How do we know if someone is uncomfortable?? Which direction are the feet pointing? Arms or legs crossed / hands clasped Looking around the room Agrees as much as possible

7. 7 Expressed Emotion: Boredom How do we know if someone is bored? Fidgeting shows boredom and restlessness. Tapping of the foot is distracting and a sure sign of boredom. Slow looks around the room/ceiling or a fixed gaze

9. 9 Flirting Primping Eyes turned downward Held tilting Exposure of the neck Smile (coy)” an expression combining a half-smile and lowered eyes “ Eye contact Proximity Caressing of self Needless touch Parading “leaning” in the direction of the other person

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11. 11 Gender, Emotion, and Nonverbal Behavior Women are much better at discerning nonverbal emotions than men. When shown sad, happy, and scary film clips women expressed more emotions than men.

12. According to Jim “Refresher” Do we have different expressions of emotions due to our gender?

13. 13 Detecting and Computing Emotion Most people find it difficult to detect deceiving emotions. Even trained professionals like police officers, psychiatrists, judges, and polygraphists detected deceiving emotions only 54% of the time. Which of Paul Ekman’s smiles is genuine? Dr. Paul Elkman, University of California at San Francisco

14. 14 Culture and Emotional Expression When culturally diverse people were shown basic facial expressions, they did fairly well at recognizing them (Ekman & Matsumoto, 1989). Elkman & Matsumoto, Japanese and Caucasian Facial Expression of Emotion