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HOW DO PUPILS RESPOND TO EDUCATION? A Summary. THE STORY SO FAR… So far, we have addressed:  The role of education in society  How education has changed?

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Presentation on theme: "HOW DO PUPILS RESPOND TO EDUCATION? A Summary. THE STORY SO FAR… So far, we have addressed:  The role of education in society  How education has changed?"— Presentation transcript:

1 HOW DO PUPILS RESPOND TO EDUCATION? A Summary

2 THE STORY SO FAR… So far, we have addressed:  The role of education in society  How education has changed?  Class and educational achievement  Ethnicity and educational achievement  Gender and educational achievement

3 THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN SOCIETY Functionalism: Durkheim, Parsons and Davis & Moore (1945) Marxism: Althusser, Bowles & Gintis (1976) and Willis (1977) Feminism: Sue Sharpe

4 HOW EDUCATION HAS CHANGED?  1944: Butler’s education act – Tripartite  1965: Comprehensive Schools  1979: Thatcher  1988: ERA – National Curriculum  1997: New Labour – Curriculum 2000  2010: Gove and the re-emphasis on meritocracy

5 CLASS AND EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT  Material Deprivation  Cultural Disadvantage  Cultural Capital (Bourdieu, 1977)  Positive Discrimination  Becker (1971) – ‘ideal pupil’ (Interactionist)

6 ETHNICITY AND EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT  Labelling Theory (Gillborn, 1990)  The Swann Report (1985)  Ethnocentrism  Categorisation  Self-fulfilling Prophecy  Wright (1992) – Asian Girls/Afro-Caribbean boys  Dual Heritage Theory (Tikly, 2005)

7 GENDER AND EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT  Feminism (Sue Sharpe)  Female expectations  Behaviour  Social change (and the law…)  Mitsos & Browne (1998) – Feminised  Jackson (1998) – Self-fulfilling prophecy  Willis (1977) – ‘Willis’s lads’ (anti-school)  Mac an Ghaill (1994) – Crisis of masculinity

8 SOCIAL CONTEXT… Think about how society has changed…  Globalisation  Technology (the internet, mobile phones)  Innovation (new teaching methods etc)

9 THINGS TO THINK ABOUT  WJEC (your exam board) like recent examples  We also know that they like recent theory (where possible)  Using academic language (It could be argued, it could be suggested etc) is an absolute must

10 HOW DO PUPILS RESPOND TO EDUCATION?  Male subcultures  Female subcultures  Ethnic subcultures

11 MALE SUBCULTURES  Anti-school subculture (Willis, 1977)  Coping strategies…

12 MAC AN GHAILL (1994)  ‘Macho lads’ – hostile to school authority and learning  ‘Academic achievers’ – upwardly mobile and developed a coping strategy to deal with ‘macho lads’

13 MAC AN GHAILL (1994)  ‘New enterprisers’ – pro-school and embraced ‘new vocationalism’  ‘Real Englishmen’ – middle/upper-middle class and rejected what teachers said (their culture was superior

14 MAC AN GHAILL (1994)  Gay students – is school heterosexist and homophobic?

15 FEMALE SUBCULTURES Griffin (1985) – ‘small friendship groups’ 3 possible routes for girls:  The labour market (secure a job)  The marriage market (secure a husband)  The sexual market (deviant behaviour)

16 ETHNIC SUBCULTURES  Specific reactions to racism, discrimination and prejudice  Negative labelling  Sewell (2000) – instant gratification

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