1. BLOOD AND BODY DEFENCE Dr. Amel Eassawi Dr. Abdelrahman Mustafa 1

2. HMIM 224 LAB 2 2

3. WBCs MORPHOLOGY

4. Count 4000-11000/mm 3 Higher count= –Leucocytosis –caused by leukemia,infections,inflammation... Lower count= –Leucopenia –caused by diseases of bone marrow, certain infections...

5. Classification Granulocytes Agranulocytes

6. Types of Granulocytes Neutrophils –the granules react with basic and acidic dyes Eosinophils (Acidophils) –the granules react with acidic dyes (eosin) Basophils –the granules react with basic dyes

7. Neutrophils Constitute 50-70% of total WBCs Nucleus: segmented (3-5 lobes) Cytoplasm: granulated Granules: –react with acidic and basic dyes –purple

8. Eosinophils Constitute 1-4% of total WBCs Nucleus: segmented (2-3 lobes) Cytoplasm: granulated Granules: –Contain arginine- rich basic protein –react with acidic dyes (eosin) –bright red

9. Basophils Constitute 0-0.4% of total WBCs Nucleus: may be segmented (hidden by the granules) Cytoplasm: granulated

10. The granules: –rough and dense –dark blue –hide the nucleus –contain mucopolysaccharide heparin, histamine,RNA and 5-HT –react with basic dyes (Methylene blue)

11. Agranulocytes

12. Types of Agranulocytes Monocytes Lymphocytes

13. Monocytes Have larger diameter than other types of WBCs Constitute 2-8% of total WBCs Nucleus: kidney shaped Cytoplasm: not granulated

14. Lymphocytes Constitute 20-40% of total WBCs Nucleus: rounded Cytoplasm: – not granulated –scanty

15. CLOTTING TIME EQUPIMENT : 1)Capillary tubes 2)Alcohol swab 3)Cotton wool 4)Plasticine 5)Puncture 6)Timer

16. CLOTTING TIME MEHODES 1) Sterilization 2) Finger pricking 3)Blood collection to capillary tubes 4)Closure of the tube 5)Start the timer 6)Every 30 sec Break the capillary(separate to 2 halves ) 7)Not the fibrin strand formation = coltting time

17. CLOTTING TIME NORAMAL COLOTTING TIME………….. IT MEASURES…………………………… INCRAES IN ……………………………...

18. BLEEDING TIME EQUPIMENT : 1)Filtration paper 2)Alcohol swab 3)Cotton wool 5)Puncture 6)Timer

19. BLEEDING TIME MEHODES 1) Sterilization 2) Finger pricking (Single Puncture 3mm deapth ) 3)Apply a piece of filter paper to blood droop/30sec until bleeding stop 4)Start the timer 6)The bleeding stop = Bleeding time

20. BLEEDING TIME NORAMAL BLEEDING TIME………….. IT MEASURE…………………………… INCRAES IN ……………………………...

21. LET US REVISE