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BLOOD AND BODY DEFENCE Dr. Amel Eassawi Dr. Abdelrahman Mustafa 1
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HMIM 224 LAB 2 2
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WBCs MORPHOLOGY
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Count 4000-11000/mm 3 Higher count= –Leucocytosis –caused by leukemia,infections,inflammation... Lower count= –Leucopenia –caused by diseases of bone marrow, certain infections...
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Classification Granulocytes Agranulocytes
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Types of Granulocytes Neutrophils –the granules react with basic and acidic dyes Eosinophils (Acidophils) –the granules react with acidic dyes (eosin) Basophils –the granules react with basic dyes
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Neutrophils Constitute 50-70% of total WBCs Nucleus: segmented (3-5 lobes) Cytoplasm: granulated Granules: –react with acidic and basic dyes –purple
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Eosinophils Constitute 1-4% of total WBCs Nucleus: segmented (2-3 lobes) Cytoplasm: granulated Granules: –Contain arginine- rich basic protein –react with acidic dyes (eosin) –bright red
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Basophils Constitute 0-0.4% of total WBCs Nucleus: may be segmented (hidden by the granules) Cytoplasm: granulated
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The granules: –rough and dense –dark blue –hide the nucleus –contain mucopolysaccharide heparin, histamine,RNA and 5-HT –react with basic dyes (Methylene blue)
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Agranulocytes
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Types of Agranulocytes Monocytes Lymphocytes
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Monocytes Have larger diameter than other types of WBCs Constitute 2-8% of total WBCs Nucleus: kidney shaped Cytoplasm: not granulated
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Lymphocytes Constitute 20-40% of total WBCs Nucleus: rounded Cytoplasm: – not granulated –scanty
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CLOTTING TIME EQUPIMENT : 1)Capillary tubes 2)Alcohol swab 3)Cotton wool 4)Plasticine 5)Puncture 6)Timer
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CLOTTING TIME MEHODES 1) Sterilization 2) Finger pricking 3)Blood collection to capillary tubes 4)Closure of the tube 5)Start the timer 6)Every 30 sec Break the capillary(separate to 2 halves ) 7)Not the fibrin strand formation = coltting time
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CLOTTING TIME NORAMAL COLOTTING TIME………….. IT MEASURES…………………………… INCRAES IN ……………………………...
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BLEEDING TIME EQUPIMENT : 1)Filtration paper 2)Alcohol swab 3)Cotton wool 5)Puncture 6)Timer
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BLEEDING TIME MEHODES 1) Sterilization 2) Finger pricking (Single Puncture 3mm deapth ) 3)Apply a piece of filter paper to blood droop/30sec until bleeding stop 4)Start the timer 6)The bleeding stop = Bleeding time
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BLEEDING TIME NORAMAL BLEEDING TIME………….. IT MEASURE…………………………… INCRAES IN ……………………………...
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LET US REVISE
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