2. the BIG idea CHAPTER OUTLINE NEW CHAPTER Motion CHAPTER The motion of an object can be described and predicted. An object in motion changes position. Speed measures how fast position changes. Acceleration measures how fast velocity changes. CHAPTER RESOURCES 1.1 1.2 1.3

3. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME reference point motion position An object in motion changes position. SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE 1.1 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES CALIFORNIA Content Standards 8.1.a Students know position is defined in relation to some choice of a standard reference point and a set of reference directions.

4. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME reference point motion position An object in motion changes position. SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE Position is measured from a reference point. Motion is measured relative to an observer. starting position ending position 1.1 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

5. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME reference point motion position An object in motion changes position. SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE Position is measured from a reference point. Motion is measured relative to an observer. 1.1 VISUALIZATION Learn how your motion makes a difference in what you observe. CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

6. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME An object’s location. position KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY reference point motion position An object in motion changes position. 1.1 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

7. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME A location to which another location is compared. reference point KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY reference point motion position An object in motion changes position. 1.1 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

8. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME A change of position over time. motion KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY reference point motion position An object in motion changes position. 1.1 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

9. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME velocity vector speed Speed measures how fast position changes. SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE 1.2 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES CALIFORNIA Content Standards 8.1.b Students know that average speed is the total distance traveled divided by the total time elapsed and that the speed of an object along the path traveled can vary. 8.1.d Students know the velocity of an object must be described by specifying both the direction and the speed of the object. 8.1.f Students know how to interpret graphs of position versus time and graphs of speed versus time for motion in a single direction.

10. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Speed is how fast positions change with time. velocity vector speed Speed measures how fast position changes. SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE distance 00:00 00:02 Speed = distance time 1.2 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

11. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME 05-510-101520 25 SpeedSpeed Time = 0 seconds meters

12. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME 05-510-101520 25 SpeedSpeed Time = 5 seconds meters

13. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME 05-510-101520 25 SpeedSpeed Time = 10 seconds meters

14. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME 05-510-101520 25 SpeedSpeed Time = 15 seconds meters

15. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME time p i p f ∆d avg speed 0-52515 10 ? 2 m/s 5-1015 5 10 ? 2 m/s 10-15 5 -5 10 ? 2 m/s SpeedSpeed

16. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOMESpeedSpeed What equation was used to determine the speed of the car?

17. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOMESpeedSpeed Speed = d / t (distance /time) What equation was used to determine the speed of the car?

18. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Calculating Speed Divide the distance by the corresponding time to find speed. Speed = 600 m =200 m/min 3min How far does the runner run in 6 minutes? 1200 meters How long does she run to travel 1000 meters? 5 minutes

19. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME You can show the motion of an object on a line graph in which you plot distance over time. A point on the graph represents the location of an object at a particular time. Time is on the x-axis and distance on the y-axis. A straight line represents motion at a constant speed. The faster the motion, the steeper the slope. A horizontal line represents an object that is not moving at all.

20. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Slope- the steepness or slant of a line - tells how fast one variable changes in relation to another. Slope= rise run Slope equals rise divided by run.

21. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Avg. Speed vs. Constant Speed Constant Speed- when an object moves at the same speed for a period of time. Average Speed- when an object changes speeds you can measure the average speed with the formula: Avg. Speed= Total Distance/ Time

22. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Velocity & Speed How is speed different from velocity?

23. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Speed is how fast positions change with time. SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE Velocity is speed in a specific direction. Velocity velocity vector speed Speed measures how fast position changes. 1.2 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

24. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Velocity & Speed Velocity is speed and direction. 25 km/h eastward

25. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME A quantity that has both size and direction. vector KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY velocity vector speed Speed measures how fast position changes. 1.2 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

26. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME A measure of how fast something moves through a particular distance over a definite time period. speed KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY velocity vector speed Speed measures how fast position changes. 1.2 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

27. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME A speed in a specific direction. velocity KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY velocity vector speed Speed measures how fast position changes. 1.2 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

28. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Acceleration measures how fast velocity changes. acceleration SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE 1.3 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES CALIFORNIA Content Standards 8.1.e Students know changes in velocity may be due to changes in speed, direction, or both. 8.1.f Students know how to interpret graphs of position versus time and graphs of speed versus time for motion in a single direction. 8.9.g Distinguish between linear and nonlinear relationships on a graph of data.

29. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME

30. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME The rate at which velocity changes over time. acceleration KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY acceleration Acceleration measures how fast velocity changes. 1.3 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

31. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME What is acceleration? Increasing speed. Decreasing speed. Changing direction.

32. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Acceleration in the Same Direction as Motion Acceleration measures how fast velocity changes. acceleration SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE Acceleration in the Opposite Direction of Motion Acceleration at a Right Angle to Motion 1.3 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

33. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Race car on a race course as an example of acceleration. Increasing speed - When the car begins to move from a stopped position or speeds up to pass another car. Decreasing speed - When the car stops at the pit or slows down for a yellow flag. Changing direction - When the car enters a curve or changes lanes.

34. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Formula for Acceleration Acceleration= final velocity-initial velocity time

35. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Calculating Acceleration A roller coaster picks up speed as it rolls down the slope, its speed is 4 m/s. But 3 seconds later, at the bottom its speed is 22 m/s. What is its average acceleration? Analyze: You know the initial velocity and final velocity of the car, and the length of time during which its velocity changed. You are looking for its acceleration. Write the formula:

36. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Calculating Acceleration A roller coaster picks up speed as it rolls down the slope, its speed is 4 m/s. But 3 seconds later, at the bottom its speed is 22 m/s. What is its average acceleration? Substitute and solve: Acceleration = 22 m/s - 4 m/s 3 s Acceleration = 18 m/s = 6 m/s 2 3 s

37. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Practice Problem An eagle accelerates from 15 m/s to 22 m/s in 4 seconds. What is the eagle’s average acceleration? Acceleration = 22 m/s - 15 m/s 4 s Acceleration =

38. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME Velocity-Time Graphs acceleration SECTION OUTLINE SECTION OUTLINE 1.3 VISUALIZATION Explore how changing the acceleration of an object changes its motion. CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

39. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME I. An object in motion changes position. A. Position describes the location of an object. B. Motion is a change in position. 1. Describing Motion 2. Relative Motion KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY reference point motion position 1. Describing a Position 2. Measuring Distance An object in motion changes position. 1.1 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

40. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME II. Speed measures how fast position changes. KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY velocity vector speed A. Position can change at different rates. 1. Calculating Speed 2. Average Speed B. Velocity includes speed and direction. 1. Velocity 2. Velocity Versus Speed Speed measures how fast position changes. 1.2 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES 3. Distance-Time Graphs

41. VOCABULARY KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME III. Acceleration measures how fast velocity changes. A. Speed and direction can change with time. B. Acceleration can be calculated from velocity and time. 1. Calculating Acceleration 2. Acceleration over Time 3. Velocity-Time Graphs KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY KEY CONCEPT SUMMARY Acceleration measures how fast velocity changes. acceleration 1.3 CHAPTER RESOURCES CHAPTER RESOURCES

42. CHAPTER HOME Image Gallery Click on the icons to see a larger image or animation. VISUALIZATION Learn how your motion makes a difference in what you observe. VISUALIZATION Explore how changing the acceleration of an object changes its motion.

43. CHAPTER HOME Image Gallery BACK TO IMAGE GALLERY

44. CHAPTER HOME Image Gallery BACK TO IMAGE GALLERY

45. CHAPTER HOME Image Gallery BACK TO IMAGE GALLERY

46. CHAPTER HOME Image Gallery BACK TO IMAGE GALLERY

47. CHAPTER HOME Image Gallery BACK TO IMAGE GALLERY

48. CHAPTER HOME Image Gallery BACK TO IMAGE GALLERY

49. Chapter Resources CHAPTER HOME BACK TO CHAPTER Content Review Review key concepts and vocabulary Math Tutorial Review math concepts Resource Center Get more information on select science topics Standardized Test Practice Practice state standardized tests Animations Link to all the McDougal Littell Science animations Review Game Play a fun interactive review game Audio Readings Hear chapter audio readings Image Gallery Click here to review chapter images and animations Click on the items below to access resources on CLASSZONE.COM