1. Oslo Militære Samfund Monday 16 November 2015

2. The United Kingdom’s Foreign, Security and Defence policies (1) Context: Why foreign, security and defence policy has been, is, and probably always will be of paramount importance to the British (2) The 21 st century world: Features which colour the foreign, security and defence policies of the United Kingdom (3) Partners: Why the United Kingdom is glad to have Norway as a close neighbour, ally and partner

3. Geography matters

4. Country geographical size

5. Land areas (square kilometres) The World148,940,000 (1)Russia 16,377,742 (2)Antarctica 16,000,000 (3)China 9,569,901 (4)USA 9,161,966 (6) Brazil 8,459,417 (8) India 2,973,193 (70) Norway 304,282 (81) UK 241, 930 (255) Monaco 2

6. Small islands, big interests

7. Our Island Story

8. Engaged, not insular (1) British history since 1066 has made us one of the most internationally engaged countries in the world. Our international engagement has been driven by our desire –Not to be invaded again –To preserve our way of life and prevailing values –To protect our interests in trade and economic relations –To enable others to benefit from the way of living we have valued

9. Centuries of British international engagement Middle Ages after 1066: 16th and 17th centuries 18th century to Napoleonic Wars 19th century – Concert of Europe and expansion of British Empire 20th century – two World Wars Post 1945 – Cold War, Decolonisation, European Union

10. Europe: Congress of Vienna

11. The British Empire in 1937

12. Two world wars

13. Britain post 1945 Founder of the Bretton Woods international economic institutions Founder member of the United Nations and member of the Security Council Founder member of NATO Transition from Empire to Commonwealth

14. Fall of the Berlin wall

15. Post Cold War Globalisation New powers Single European Market Enlargement of the European Union Enlargement of NATO Raised engagement with developing world

16. Features of 21st Century World Technology is spurring globalisation The possibilities for exchanges - social, cultural, commercial, political- are greater than ever Global power is shifting Overall the world is becoming richer

17. 21st century challenges Conflict and poverty are blocking and braking the aspirations of millions Differing values are clashing Geographically distant conflicts have repercussions across continents.

18. Demographics (source CIA factbook) CountryPopulation (1) China1,367,485,388 (2) India1,251,695,584 (3) United States of America 321,368,864 (4) Indonesia 255,993,674 (5) Brazil 204,259,812 (6) Pakistan 199,085,847. (22) United Kingdom 64,088,222 (120) Norway 5,207,689 (198) Seychelles 92,430

19. Economic strength > World GDP rankings in millions of US dollars (IMF 2014) > (1) United States17,348,075 > (2) China10,356,508 > (3) Japan 4,602,367 > (4) Germany 3,874,437 > (5) United Kingdom 2,950,039 > (6) France 2,833,687 > (27) Norway 499,817

20. UK 5th largest defence spender in the world (IISS)

21. NATO defence expenditure

22. Unique commitment to international engagement 2% of GDP on defence 0.7% of GNI on development

23. UK Foreign policy objectives Security Economic well-being Protection of British nationals overseas

24. UK and EU Reform Reforms sought by the United Kingdom Economic Governance Competitiveness Sovereignty Immigration

25. Britain and Norway

26. Norwegian legacy in Britain

27. Royal Family connections Queen Victoria King Edward VIIQueen Alexandra King George V King George VI HM Queen Elizabeth IIPrince Phillip Dronning Maud Kong Haakon VII Kong Olav VDronning Märtha Prince Charles Prince WilliamPrince Henry Princess CharlottePrince George Catherine Prinsesse RagnhildPrinsesse AstridKong Harald VDronning Sonja Kronprins HaakonMette-MaritPrinsesse Märtha Louise MariusIngrid AlexandraSverre Magnus Christian IX (DK)Louise (DK) Fredrik VIII (DK)Louise (SE)

28. Norway’s Christmas present

29. UK and Norway engaging together