1. Mental Ability Tests Dr. K. Mangayarkarasi Dept of Career Guidance & Extension, Bhrathiar University Coimabatore

2. Purpose of Mental Ability Tests To select suitable persons for various situations To select suitable persons for various situations Right career to right skilled persons Right career to right skilled persons

3. Definition Collection of problems Collection of problems Increasing difficulty to solve Increasing difficulty to solve Solved within a time limit Solved within a time limit Some of you solve more problems Some of you solve more problems quick and more accurately quick and more accurately Some of you solve less problems Some of you solve less problems

4. The problems in the form of Letters Letters Words Words Patterns Patterns Pictures Pictures Any other material suitable for the purpose Any other material suitable for the purpose

5. Difference between Mental ability test Normal test Inborn capacity to solve problems Inborn capacity to solve problems Test may be lengthy but short of answers Test may be lengthy but short of answers Objective type Objective type Answered at a very high speed Answered at a very high speed Mental alertness, keenness, quick thinking and keen observations are essential Mental alertness, keenness, quick thinking and keen observations are essential One’s acquired knowledge One’s acquired knowledge Test may be short but admit of lengthy answers Test may be short but admit of lengthy answers Subjective type Subjective type No high speed required No high speed required Already acquired knowledge helps Already acquired knowledge helps

6. Types of Mental ability Tests Verbal Verbal  Analogy Test  Series Test  Same Class test Non verbal Non verbal  Patterns  Lines  Drawings  Pictures

7. Nature of Mental Ability Tests The time is very short The time is very short Has to work at a very high speed Has to work at a very high speed Questions are many and lengthy Questions are many and lengthy Admit of short answers Admit of short answers

8. General Instructions Before solve the problem understand carefully what is the requirement of the test Before solve the problem understand carefully what is the requirement of the test Time is extremely limited Time is extremely limited Accuracy is another which contributes for high marks Accuracy is another which contributes for high marks

9. Analogy test There is a certain type of relationship between the two objects or ideas and by establishing the same kind of relationship between the third object and the fourth the missing object is provided.

10. General Instructions Concentrate on ‘relationship’ Concentrate on ‘relationship’ Not your vocabulary and skill Not your vocabulary and skill Your ability to reason Your ability to reason An analogy question may have one or two words An analogy question may have one or two words Three important hints to solve analogy tests are: Three important hints to solve analogy tests are: Understand the meaning of the questions words Figure out the meaning of the question words choose the world or words that have the same relationship to one another

11. One colon (:) denotes the words “is to” One colon (:) denotes the words “is to” Two colon (::) stand for the words “in the same way as” Two colon (::) stand for the words “in the same way as” MANSION: RICH:: HUT:POOR MANSION: RICH:: HUT:POOR A mansion is to the rich in the same way as hut is to the poor Remember that the order and sequence of words must be in the same order Answer choices frequently contain words in the reverse order

12. kinds of Analogies A part may be compared to the whole A part may be compared to the whole Family relations Family relations Time Time Synonyms Synonyms Antonyms Antonyms A cause A cause Part of speech Part of speech A person may be identified with his profession or a particular characteristic A person may be identified with his profession or a particular characteristic The means may be compared to an end The means may be compared to an end A broad category may be compared to a narrow category A broad category may be compared to a narrow category

13. Series test A series of numbers or alphabetical letters are given in questions A series of numbers or alphabetical letters are given in questions Certain rule and pattern throughout in the given set Certain rule and pattern throughout in the given set You are required to recognize the pattern or rule You are required to recognize the pattern or rule Complete the given series or find out the wrong one in the series Complete the given series or find out the wrong one in the series

14. Type of series Number series and alphabet series Find the missing Number or alphabets Find the missing Number or alphabets Hint - Analyze the applied ruler pattern

15. Rules for the Number Series Each number may be in multiple order Each number may be in multiple order In each number something may be added or deducted to get the second number and soon In each number something may be added or deducted to get the second number and soon The number may be divided to get the next number The number may be divided to get the next number The square root of the numbers may be taken to get the next number The square root of the numbers may be taken to get the next number Some times odd or even numbers are followed Some times odd or even numbers are followed Sometimes, something is added to get the next number and subtracted or divided or multiplied to get the next one Sometimes, something is added to get the next number and subtracted or divided or multiplied to get the next one Some times odd numbers is squared the other multiplied thrice, fourth multiplied four times etc, and then something is added or subtracted Some times odd numbers is squared the other multiplied thrice, fourth multiplied four times etc, and then something is added or subtracted

16. Rules for Alphabets Keep the order of letters A=1…Z=26 & Z=1 to A=26 Keep the order of letters A=1…Z=26 & Z=1 to A=26 Counting is circular after Z continue from A Counting is circular after Z continue from A Letters omitted is sequence is omitted Letters omitted is sequence is omitted A B C, EFG, I…. Two consecutive letters are omitted – ADG Two consecutive letters are omitted – ADG Following one letter and other preceding Following one letter and other preceding BCA C follows Band A precedes B Repetition of letters in a set orders Repetition of letters in a set orders aab, bbc, one repeated twice so ccd Numbers are mixed with letters Numbers are mixed with letters The numbers may refer to the position of the letters in the alphabet The numbers may refer to the position of the letters in the alphabet

17. Same class (ODD) test some words are given in such a way that one does not belong to that group some words are given in such a way that one does not belong to that group The word which does not belong to that group is called, an odd word The word which does not belong to that group is called, an odd word Select this odd number/word Select this odd number/word Ex: Carpenter, blacksmith, goldsmith, sailor, tailor Four skill based job Odd word sailor

18. Logical Venn Diagrams Certain groups of items are illustrated with geometrical figures like circle, square and triangle etc Certain groups of items are illustrated with geometrical figures like circle, square and triangle etc Separate figures represent disjoint sets, Separate figures represent disjoint sets, Overlapping figures represent interesting sets Overlapping figures represent interesting sets Relate certain groups of the items with the given diagram Relate certain groups of the items with the given diagram Mark the correct answer amongst the alternative given. Mark the correct answer amongst the alternative given.

19. Separate figures Ex: A set of items is given. You are asked to relate them through some property and the relationship diagrammatically Dolphins, Fishes, Tortoises

20. Overlapping figures Only circles, Triangles, Rectangles Only circles, Triangles, Rectangles Mixed with circles, Triangles, Rectangles Mixed with circles, Triangles, Rectangles Mixed with circles and Triangles Mixed with circles and Triangles Mixed with circles and Rectangles Mixed with circles and Rectangles Mixed with Triangles and Rectangles Mixed with Triangles and Rectangles Ex: Seconds, Minutes, Hours

21. Syllogism Logical Reasoning as such is the process of passing from the known to the unknown Logical Reasoning as such is the process of passing from the known to the unknown Acquiring the indirect knowledge trough direct knowledge Acquiring the indirect knowledge trough direct knowledge Application of certain rules we discover the unknown Application of certain rules we discover the unknown Ex: All boys are tables -Known All tables are cups- All tables are cups- All boys are cups-Discovered All boys are cups-Discovered

22. Deductive Reasonong Question given in the form of Puzzles, involving number of items, persons or things Question given in the form of Puzzles, involving number of items, persons or things Analyze the given information or clue to answer Analyze the given information or clue to answer Several condition in the form of information Several condition in the form of information Do not make hurry to mix all the given information Do not make hurry to mix all the given information To avoid confusion symbolize persons To avoid confusion symbolize persons

23. Ex: Sitting arrangement in circular draw cicrle Ex: Sitting arrangement in circular draw cicrle Ram left to Mohan – Circle put dot ‘M’ left ‘R’ Ram left to Mohan – Circle put dot ‘M’ left ‘R’ Remember yours left is Mohan left too Remember yours left is Mohan left too

24. Blood Relation Test Based on blood relations Based on blood relations Find out the relationship between the two persons Find out the relationship between the two persons Ex: Ex: Introducing Kamala, Mahesh said, “her father is Introducing Kamala, Mahesh said, “her father is the only son of my father” the only son of my father” The statement is Her father is only son of my father

25. Only son is nobody but Mahesh Only son is nobody but Mahesh Kamala father Kamala father The meaning Kamala’s father is Mahesh The meaning Kamala’s father is Mahesh Kamala is the daughter of Mahesh or Kamala is the daughter of Mahesh or Mahesh is father of Kamala Mahesh is father of Kamala