2. Chapter 14 Section 2 The Axis Advances

5. I. The German army used the tactics of Blitzkrieg to conquer almost all of Europe in three short years. Seeds of the Nazi Empire’s eventual destruction were sown at the Battle of Britain and the assault on the Soviet Union

7. A. German Offensive 1. Invasion of Poland 1939- made possible through non- aggression pact with Soviet Union 2.Great Britain and France brought into war

8. 3. Poland was first Blitzkrieg -”lightning war” a. Panzer tanks b. Stuka dive bombers 4. Evacuation of Dunkirk

13. B. Attack on Western Europe 1. Belgium, Holland fall 2. Norway- Quisling 3. Defeat of France 1940 a. failure of Maginot Line b. Vichy Government

17. C. Battle of Britain 1. Winston Churchill 2. the “Blitz” 3. Luftwaffe 4. turning point of the war-staging area for D- Day

33. American support-FDR a. Atlantic Charter- free trade b. Lend Lease c. Destroyer Deal

35. Eastern Europe 1. invasion of Soviet Union 2. fall of Balkan States 3. Italy- Albania 4. 20 million Russians killed 5. German military high command disagrees with Hitler’s war aims

37. Results of attack on Soviet Union 1. Massive casualties 2. Tremendous drain on German resources 3. Foundations for German defeat

39. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in Hawaii and brought the U.S. into the war

40. Japanese expansion 1. The Greater Asia- Co Prosperity Sphere 2.China- raw materials 3.Indochina- food 4.Indonesia- oil 5.Australia- mineral wealth

41. Conflict with U.S. 1. Philippines 2. Japan signs treaty with Germany 3. FDR cuts off trade to Japan 4. 1937 U.S. demand Japanese withdrawal from China

43. War with U.S. 1. Pearl Harbor 2. mistake or gamble? 3. possible sites?-Did we know? 4. “Day that will live on in infamy” 5. U.S. enters war

54. “Island hopping” 1. Allied strategy involved attacking and seizing those Pacific islands least heavily defended by Japan 2. Masterminded by Douglas Mac Arthur

55. Allied counterattack 1. The Doolittle raids on Tokyo-psychological impact-we could strike at Japan 2. Battle of the Coral Sea halts Japanese assault on Australia

57. 3. Midway- destruction of Japanese 4. Battle of Guadalcanal- one of the war's