1. Analyse why relationships may change or end By: Poom + Chris (Loners group)

2. Command Term Analyse: Break down in order to bring out the essential elements or structure

3. The Term The term of relationship changing and ending is simply a change of perspective or mindset towards another person whether it is love to hate or any other way around.

4. Knapp and Vangelisti Relationship Model Knapp and Vangelisti (1996) propose a model that describes the stages of relationship. Five stage in forming a relationship and five stage in decrease in relationship.

5. Coming Together StageTypical Events and Behavior Initiation ● First meeting and brief interaction ● First impressions are formed experimenting ● Small talk, search for common interest Intensifying ● Personal disclosure become more common ● Relationship evolves to Friendship Integrating ● Making plans also consider partner bonding ● Commitment is made

6. Coming Apart StageTypical Events and Behavior Differentiating ● Partner desire to be independence Circumscribing ● Conversation/Communication decrease Stagnating ● Partner “knows” what the other will say and prefer to avoid talking ● Stay together only to avoid pain from breaking up Avoiding ● Partners avoid contacts Terminating ● Physical distancing and dissociation as partners prepare to separate from other

7. Studies ● Sprecher (1999) ● Kurdek (1991)

8. Sprecher (1999) Aim: 1.To investigate whether people in close relationships reported increased love over time 2.To study how beliefs about relationships could change

9. Sprecher (1999) Procedure 1.Self-selected sample of 101 romantic heterosexual student couples was surveyed five times over 4 years. 2.Questionnaires to measure love, commitment, and satisfaction. 3.Also asked for report changes since previous surveys 4.Only 41% of the couples remain in relationship at the end of the study.

10. Sprecher (1999) Results ● The remaining 41% of the couples reported that they feel increase in love, commitment and satisfaction over time. ● The other 59% of the couples reported that they felt a decrease in commitment, love and satisfaction before break-up.

11. Sprecher (1999) Conclusion ● Suggests that people end relationship due to dissatisfaction and not disappearance of love.

12. Advantage/Disadvantages The experiment is done over a long period of time, but not studied in detail as in why the relationship changed However, the experiment gave an overview of why people break up.

13. Kurdek (1991) Aim: ● To find the reason why relationship ends

14. Kurdek (1991) Procedure ● Asked 13 couples on a open-ended questions ● Questions were categorized: o Non-responsiveness o Partner Problems o Sexual Issues o Fusion o Incompatibility o Control

15. Kurdek (1991) Result ● When participant were asked to rate 11 common reasons for break- ups and scale it from 1 to 5. ● Only 3 reason have an average of 3+ o Frequent absence o Sexual Incompatibility o Mental Cruelty

16. Kurdek (1991) Conclusion ● Frequent absence, sexual incompatibility and mental cruelty could have been caused by different interpretation of the same thing ● Thus shows that communication plays a major role in a relationship. Programmer: print(“Hi”) Other People: “Hi”

17. Advantages/Disadvantage The experiment takes in only a small sample, and does and ratio However, it does give a general view of why relationships are broken

18. Breakdown of Relationships Canary and Dainton (2003) propose that any relationship will eventually ends, only depends on time, and the problems are the catalysis toward the end or breakups. Mainly because people does not look for the cause of the problem. Levinger (1980) suggests that relationship will end of there appears to be no solution to a problem except a new life, if alternative partner are available, if there is an expectation that the current relationship may fail, or if there is a lack of commitment to the relationship.

19. Why relationships are created/destroyed Relationships are bonds between people and as social animals we rely on them to survive by such I mean mating, working, etc. People would like to appear attractive to their potential partners which can form the 5 steps of coming together as seen above. However, the bonds could also be broken in many different ways e.g. lying, cheating and betraying. This would cause the 5 steps of coming apart.

20. How does this apply to daily life This issue apply to everyone everyday, as they are constantly meeting new people, people tend to bring out their best behaviour while first meeting another in order to attract them or to fit into their social group. (This is why first impressions are important!!!) Also why love at first sight usually don’t last </3 As time passes and the relationship deepens people usually realize the true nature of the other person, unconsciously. They will then usually claim that they did not change while the people around them did. This is why many marriages do not last, as many people like to fake themselves in front of others especially their loved ones.

21. Facts!(?) ● Women ends relationships more often than men ● Marriages with younger partner is often unstable ● Early parenthood may lead to divorce ● Marriages with different economic groups tend to be unstable

22. Oh and Another Fact

23. Thank You for listening