1. The Incredible, Edible Soy By Chris Koscielniak, Dan Gardner and Sarah Masih “The Isoflavone Team”

2. What are Isoflavones? Phytoestrogens (greek) Phyto-plant…. Plant that carries out estrogen like activities. Isoflavones have received a great deal of research, especially for possible cancer and heart disease-preventive properties They “take out” free radicals in the body.

3. Where can you find it? All the soyfoods in the following list are excellent sources of isoflavones, providing a range of 30 - 50 milligrams per serving. Roasted soy nuts (1 ounce) Soy flour (1/2 cup) Soy grits (1/4 cup) Textured soy protein (1/2 cup, cooked) Yellow, green vegetable or black soybeans (1/2 cup, cooked) Regular soymilk (1 cup) Tempeh (1/2 cup) Tofu (1/2 cup) http://soyfoods.com/nutrition/isoflavone.html#anchor115079

4. POSITIVE ++++ Increases estrogen by stimulating the ovaries. This can lead to an easier menopause and lower the risk of breast cancer. Or lower prostate cancer with men. It may help reduce the risk of osteoporosis Reduce risk of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular dieases.

5. Negative Side Effects Suppression of thyroid May decrease lymphocytes in blood. We don’t know effects on pregnancy and breast feeding Age limitations?

7. Properties of Genistien Formula~ C 15 H 10 O 5 Formula mass~ 270.24 Description~ odorless yellow-white powder Melting point~ 297-298ºC Insoluble in water

8. Genistein Metabolised into p-ethylphenol Lacks oestrogenic activity Effects may be caused by blocking estrogen receptors in the brain from active chemicals

10. Properties of Daidzein Formula~ C 15 H 10 O 4 Formula mass~ 254.24 Description~ almost white solid Melting point~ 297-298ºC Boiling point~ sublimes Insoluble in water

11. Daidzein Metabolised into equol and O-dma Does exhibit oestrogenic activity About one third of humans cannot metabolise it

13. Properties of Coumestrol Formula~ C 15 H 8 O 5 Formula mass~ 268.23 Description~ odorless solid Melting point~ 385ºC Insoluble in water

14. Coumestrol Coumestrol was found in an osteoporosis study, to help suppress bone resorption Also has phytoestrogenic properties May work alongside Daidzein and Genistein in bone protection

15. So Far… We have attempted extraction of isoflavones from: Natures Life ® Super-Green Pro-96™ soy protein, it was inconclusive Arrowhead Mills® Soy flour, and dry soybeans Soy milk

16. Procedure 1-3g of sample (depending on which we used) placed into Erlenmeyer flask and 40mL of 80% (vol/vol) methanol in water was added. The flask was covered with parafilm and/or tin foil and heated in a water bath with magnetic stirrer at approximately 65ºC for 2 hrs.

17. More Procedure The flask was then cooled to room temperature and 3 mL of 2 M NaOH was added This sol’n was stirred for an additional ten minutes at room temperature. One mL of Glacial Acetic acid was then added

18. Even More Procedure The resting solution was then filtered through Whatmans No. 40? Filter paper into a beaker Five mL of this filtrate was then mixed with 4 mL of water and 1 mL of the 80% (vol/vol) methanol in water We then ran this final product through a GC-MS at varied settings

19. What’s next? How do soy preperations affect isoflavone content? Which products have high isoflavone content? Effects of Isoflavones along side coumestrol Further properties of coumestrol

20. Thanks for viewing!!! For more information please visit our website http://www.stfrancis.edu/ns/diab/CRT/CRT.html http://www.stfrancis.edu/ns/diab/CRT/CRT.html Thanks for your time! Chris Koscielniak, Dan Gardner, Sarah Masih