6. “You don’t turn it on. You open it and turn the pages.”

7. Globalization 4 Movement of capital, products, technology, information continue at record pace 4 Global economy 4Regional free trade 4Multinational corporations 4 Economic competition increase 4 Must be able to function in a global economy for job success in the 21st century

8. Percent of Firms Downsizing by Business Category Source: Chicago Tribune, August 21, 1995

9. From 1980 to 1994, the U.S. contingent workforce—temps, self-employed, consultants—increased 57%

10. Constant training, retraining, job- hopping, and even career-hopping will become the norm.

11. Today, 65% of all workers use some type of information technology in their jobs. By 2000, this will increase to 95%.

12. The Enrollment Pipeline

13. An Aging Clientele for Higher Education

14. 4 Cyber-Universities 41993: 93 41997: 762

15. Examples 4 Magellan University 4 College Connection 4 Education Network of Maine 4 Colorado Electronic Community College 4 Coastline Community College 4 California Virtual University 4 Western Governors University

16. “Diplomas decline as degrees of separation in the workforce” USA Today Cover Story January 3, 1997

18. … And colleges face a growing shortage of funds. Sources: The News & Observer (June 18, 1997, Raleigh, NC) and RAND for the Council for Aid to Education Per-student costs keep going up... Crisis in College Costs

19. Per-student costs keep going up... Sources: The News & Observer (June 18, 1997, Raleigh, NC) and RAND for the Council for Aid to Education

20. What has changed is…the public’s…willingness to support institutions that value producers more than products. Zemsky and Massey, 1995

21. “Your instructional system is driven by teaching rather than by learning, by the needs of professors rather than students.” Sir John S. Daniel, 1997

22. Technological Tools 4 Use for group teaching 4 Use for individual teaching

23. “…with good learning materials, effective networks, and proper support, students can learn better at home than in class.” Sir John Daniel, 1997

24. Children 4 are trying to do something rather than to know something 4 are learning by doing 4 control their learning by using an adult to guide them through new areas of investigation—one-on-one assistance, as- needed basis

26. Natural Learning 4 occurs when the person really wants to know something 4 not compatible with lockstep classrooms, rigid curricula, or measurable by multiple choice tests 4 When information enters memory that in no way relates to goals that the possessor of the information may want to accomplish, it is quickly forgotten because there is no meaningful place for it to reside.

27. Public School 4 learn what someone else wants them to learn—teacher and curriculum goals 4 no longer learn because they want to 4 emphasis on rote learning, standardized curriculum 4 success: not being able to do, but being able to function within the system 4 In school, knowing becomes uncoupled from doing

29. Using Technology in the Classroom Rising Use of IT in Instruction (percentage of courses) 19951994 1996 E-MailComputer Classrooms Computer Simulations or Exercises Presentation Handouts Commercial Courseware MultimediaCD-ROM Based Materials 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

31. Uses of Technology 4 Meets needs of handicapped students 4 Extends the institution’s reach 4Maine imports library science graduate degree program from South Carolina 4NTU programs are offered in Asia 4California Virtual University markets in the Pacific Rim 4 Offers economies of scale

33. Student Ownership 24 (percentage by campus type) 19901991 1992 1993 19951994 All Campuses Public Univ. Private Univ. Public 4-Yr. College Private 4-Yr. College Community College 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

35. Instructional Support and Recognition (percentages, by sector) Campus Has a Technology Resource Center Formal Program to Reward IT as Part of Promotion and Tenure Review Public Univ. Private Univ. Public 4-Yr. College Private 4-Yr. College Community College 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

36. Issues 4 Tenure, merit, promotion 4Does on-line publication count? 4Does on-line teaching count? 4 Workload 4 Royalties for on-line packages

38. “From sage on the stage to guide on the side”

39. 4 Are we teaching the knowledge and skills needed for the 21st century? 4 Does our pedagogy match needs of students? 4 Do we have quality? 4 Are we structured to work in an era of lifelong learning?