1. Introduction to the thyroid ultrasound
T. Solymosi
2016

2. Lectures to introduction of thyroid ultrasound
How to perform a thyroid ultrasound? Anatomy, execution of investigation, technical details
The thyroid as a whole
The nodular goiter
Non-thyroidal elements in the region of the thyroid

3. Sylabus Anatomy Topographic help to identify the thyroid
The execution of ultrasound investigation
The environment
Tehchnical details
The importance of investigation of patients in two perpendicular sections

4. Anatomy of the thyroid region

5. Identification of the thyroid – I.

6. Identification of the thyroid – II.

7. Identification of the thyroid – III.

8. Horizontal view
Longitudinal view
ventral
ventral
dorsal
dorsal

9. Identification of the thyroid – V.

10. How to perform a thyroid ultrasound exam?
Dark room
Accomodation
Recumbent position with extended neck
A pillow with a maximal diameter of 10 to 15 cm is placed under the neck.
If we have to examine the patient in supine position, than the patient has to sit with head leaned against a stable object.

11. Probes to be used for thyroid ultrasound
Linear probe
With at least 7.5 MHz frequency
Modern transducers are broad bandwidth probes
Numerous settings are offered for the examiner
fixed settings (contrast, brilliance) which have to be saved
requires 10 to 15 investigations to choose the most adequate settings
variable settings
we may have to change in each patients depending mainly on the location and on the size of the thyroid
the focus
the depth of field of vision
set penetration-general-resolution

12. Maximal depth set to 40 mm
Focus in improper position
Maximal depth set to 60 mm
Position in proper position

13. Horizontal view – set to resolution
Horizontal view - set to penetration
Longitudinal view – set to resolution
Longitudinal view - set to penetration

14. The importance of examining a patient in two perpendicular sections
To decrease the failure rate in nodules located in the upper or lower pole
To detect and define the degree of susternal spread
To measure the longest diameter of a lesion and the lobe
To increase the differenctial diagnostic potential of ultrasound
To increase the sensitivity of ultrasound examination
To increase the specificity of ultrasound examination

15. Horizontal view
Horizontal view
Longitudinal view
Longitudinal view

16. Horizontal view
Longitudinal view
Longitudinal view
Longitudinal view

17. Horizontal view
Horizontal view
Longitudinal view
Longitudinal view