Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

GEOGRAPHY. What is Geography? *It is the study of earth OR *Anything that can be mapped or studied! BMR.

Similar presentations


Presentation on theme: "GEOGRAPHY. What is Geography? *It is the study of earth OR *Anything that can be mapped or studied! BMR."— Presentation transcript:

1 GEOGRAPHY

2 What is Geography? *It is the study of earth OR *Anything that can be mapped or studied! BMR

3 Why do you need geography? Watch the video, then record your thoughts below.video BMR

4 GEOGRAPHY Provide an example of something that you might do in life that will be affected by geography. BMR

5 *mixes up the physical and human aspects of our world into one field of study *shows the relationship between people and the environment Geography BMR

6 What is a geographer? *Someone who analyzes the Earth from many points of view. BMR

7 THE FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY  There are five ways to look at the earth  When geographers work, they are guided by two basic questions: 1) Where are things located? 2) Why are they there? To find these answers, geographers use five themes to organize information

8 Things that geographers study: *oceans *plant life *landforms *people *how the Earth and its people affect each other BMR

9 THE FIVE THEMES: 1) Location – Geographers begin to study a place by finding where it is 2) Place – Geographers study the physical and human features of a location 3) Human-Environment Interaction – Geographers study how people affect or shape physical characteristics of their natural surroundings and how does their environment affect them?

10 BMR 4) Movement – Helps explain how people, goods, and ideas get from one place to another 5) Regions – Geographers compare the climate, land, population, or history of one place to another THE FIVE THEMES:

11 BMR LOCATION There are two ways to think about location: *absolute location – describes the place’s exact position on the Earth Washington, D.C. 39 °N 77°W *relative location – explains where a place is by describing places near it Selinsgrove is south of Lewisburg, north of Liverpool, west of Sunbury and east of Middleburg

12 BMR PLACE This includes a location’s physical and human features. *To describe physical features, you might say that the climate is hot or cold or that there are mountains and rivers *To describe human features, you might discuss how many people live there, what language they speak, what religion they practice

13 MOVEMENT *Explains how people, goods, and ideas move from one place to another *Helps geographers understand cultural changes BMR

14 HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION *How do people modify (change) to and change their environment? *How do people adapt to the environment? *How do people depend on the environment? *Geographers also use interaction to study the consequences of people’s actions. BMR

15 REGIONS *A region has a unifying characteristic, like climate, land, population, or history *Regions can be formal (boundaries), functional (newspaper publishing) or perceptual (Middle East) *On maps, geographers use color and shape or special symbols to show regions

16 BMR GEOGRAPHER’S TOOLS Globes and Maps: *People collected information about the earth as they explored *Mapmakers (cartographers) wanted to present this information accurately *The best way was to put it on a globe, a sphere that represented the Earth

17 BMR *Globes are not practical or easy to use or to carry in your pocket, so flat maps were created *Cartographers have the problem of making an accurate representation of a three-dimensional object, the earth, on a flat two-dimensional surface, a map *Paper has only height and width, not depth and as a result there are distortions or changes in what is being shown GEOGRAPHER’S TOOLS

18 *Cartographers try to represent one or more of the four aspects of the earth’s surface: distance, direction, area and shape *One map, or projection, can never show all of the earth’s features correctly. *Cartographers must decide on which aspect is most important and choose a (map) projection that suits the purpose. GEOGRAPHER’S TOOLS BMR

19 *Compare the size of Greenland with the size of South America. *Greenland is not as big as South America even though it appears to be in this Mercator projection. *This is distortion. *It would take 8.2 Greenlands to fill South America. BMR

20 *Around 1569, a geographer, Gerardus Mercator, designed a flat map to help sailors navigate long journeys across the open seas. MAPS/PROJECTIONS *The Mercator keeps the true shape of the landmasses and true direction. *Distances are distorted especially near the poles where landmasses are greatly exaggerated. *There are other types of projections that represent the Earth. BMR

21 *The Goode (interrupted) projection is the most accurate flat map in the aspects of size and shape. *Distances and relationships are hard to picture on this projection. *True proportions of land and water are presented on this projection. MAPS/PROJECTIONS BMR

22 *The Robinson projection presents the best overall picture of the world. *The Robinson projection presents the shapes and relative positions without much distortion. MAPS/PROJECTIONS BMR

23 *A great circle is any imaginary line which circles the earth and divides the earth into two equal parts. *You can pick any two points on Earth and draw a great circle that will go through both points and divide the earth into two equal halves. *Travel along a great circle route between any two points on Earth will always allow you to travel the shortest distance between those points. MAPS/PROJECTIONS BMR

24 THE HEMISPHERES

25 *All maps have a title that tells what the map is describing. *Most maps show direction with an arrow that points north. *The scale on a map tells you the relative distance on the map to the real world. PARTS OF A MAP *A key (also known as a legend) is a table which explains the meanings of signs, symbols, colors and abbreviations used on a corresponding map or chart. BMR

26 PARTS OF A MAP Latitude and Longitude Lines (Absolute Location) BMR

27 *Grid System - an interlocking set of lines created by lines of latitude and longitude helps us to find an exact location. PARTS OF A MAP BMR


Download ppt "GEOGRAPHY. What is Geography? *It is the study of earth OR *Anything that can be mapped or studied! BMR."

Similar presentations


Ads by Google