1. Do Now: Label the Provinces of Canada – British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island Label the Territories of Canada – Yukon, Northwest, Nunavut Label: – Montreal – Quebec City – Toronto – Victoria

2. Canada

3. History Native Americans, just like in the US, were found in Canada First Europeans to explore were Vikings – Between 1000 AD and mid 1300s – Left no permanent settlements More extensive exploration by Europeans in 1497 – John Cabot explored the coast of Newfoundland

4. Canada’s interior was explored by Jacques Cartier – In the 1530s, traveled up the St. Lawrence River – This was done a century before the colonies Goals for exploring Canada: 1.Wanted to find a water passage to Asia 2.Develop fur trading and fishing 3.Convert Indians to Roman Catholicism 1608- Permanent settlement founded in Quebec City 1713- Great Britain took over Nova Scotia and eventually forced the French out – Set up and organized into Provinces- 10 with 3 territories

5. Culture 31 million people French and British culture dominant ¼ live in province of Quebec, it is the French Canadian center of culture Montreal is the largest city of this province More than 90% of Canadians who speak French as a main language live in Quebec Roman Catholic is main religion French Canadians stay dominant: Everything is in French- Road signs, newspapers, businesses, etc..

6. Ontario- British heritage Bilingual Quebec and Ontario are the most dense areas and most economically developed The Atlantic Provinces (Hinterland) are away from major population centers – Less than 1/12 of population Forests, Tundra, and rocky plains claim most of the north – Covered in permafrost

7. Economy Most important trade partner is US Based on manufacturing and service industries Agriculture is important – Exporter of farm goods Atlantic Provinces: – Poorest region – Good for fishing

8. Quebec and Ontario- Heartland – Montreal: Quebec’s industrial and financial center Also a major port – Farming is important in both regions – Modern industrial societies Prairie Provinces – Wheat exporters – Mostly agricultural – Good for natural resources

9. British Colombia – Rich in natural resources – Forest production – Trade mainly with Pacific countries Canadian North – Deposits of metals, diamonds, and fossil fuels Major Urban Areas: – Toronto-largest city: 5 million – Montreal-3.5 million – Victoria- 2 million

10. Government Ties to Great Britain are still close British monarch is Canada’s monarch Democracy Prime Minister and Parliament (legislature) run the country