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Labour Force Distribution 1870-1900
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Child Labour Child Labour in PA
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Labour Unrest: 1870-1900
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The Molly Maguires (1875) James McParland
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The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: Pinkerton Agents
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Management vs. Labour “Tools” of Management “Tools” of Labour “scabs” P. R. campaign Pinkertons lockout blacklisting yellow-dog contracts court injunctions open shop boycotts sympathy demonstrations informational picketing closed shops organized strikes “wildcat” strikes
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A Striker Confronts a SCAB!
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Knights of Labour Terence V. Powderly An injury to one is the concern of all!
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Knights of Labour Knights of Labour trade card
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Goals of the Knights of Labour ùEight-hour workday. ùWorkers’ cooperatives. ùWorker-owned factories. ùAbolition of child and prison labor. ùIncreased circulation of greenbacks. ùEqual pay for men and women. ùSafety codes in the workplace. ùProhibition of contract foreign labor. ùAbolition of the National Bank.
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The Great Railroad Strike of 1877
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The Tournament of Today: A Set-to Between Labour and Monopoly
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Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in 1886
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Haymarket Riot (1886) McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.
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Haymarket Martyrs
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Governor John Peter Altgeld
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The American Federation of Labour: 1886 Samuel Gompers
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How the AF of L Would Help the Workers ùCatered to the skilled worker. ùRepresented workers in matters of national legislation. ùMaintained a national strike fund. ùEvangelized the cause of unionism. ùPrevented disputes among the many craft unions. ùMediated disputes between management and labor. ùPushed for closed shops.
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Homestead Steel Strike (1892) The Amalgamated Association of Iron & Steel Workers Homestead Steel Works
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Big Corporate Profits!
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Attempted Assassination! Henry Clay Frick Alexander Berkman
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A “Company Town”: Pullman, IL A “Company Town”: Pullman, IL
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Pullman Cars A Pullman porter
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The Pullman Strike of 1894
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President Grover Cleveland If it takes the entire army and navy to deliver a postal card in Chicago, that card will be delivered!
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The Pullman Strike of 1894 Government by injunction!
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The Socialists Eugene V. Debs
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International Workers of the World (“Wobblies”)
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“Big Bill” Haywood of the IWW Violence was justified to overthrow capitalism.
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I W W & the Internationale
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The Hand That Will Rule the World One Big Union
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Mother Jones: “The Miner’s Angel” Mary Harris. Organizer for the United Mine Workers. Founded the Social Democratic Party in 1898. One of the founding members of the I. W. W. in 1905.
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Lawrence, MA Strike: 1912
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The “Bread & Roses” Strike DEMANDS: ù15¢/hr. wage increase. ùDouble pay for overtime. ùNo discrimination against strikers. ùAn end to “speed-up” on the assembly line. ùAn end to discrimination against foreign immigrant workers.
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Lawrence, MA Strike: 1912
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The “Formula” unions + violence + strikes + socialists + immigrants = anarchists
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Labour Union Membership
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The Rise & Decline of Organized Labour
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