1. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 CERN R2E project CHARM Introduction June 10 th 2014 New CERN Irradiation facility : CHARM !!! Many Thanks To All Project & Facility Members !!! M. Brugger & J. Mekki for the CERN R2E Project www.cern.ch/r2e, www.cern.ch/charm

2. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 Calculations Radiation Tests Production & Implementation Radiation Monitoring R2E Project Building Blocks Developments Test Facilities 2

3. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 3 Size Matters? OR EVEN TEST THIS: HERE (W)HOW ??? TEST COMPONENTS/CARDS: 5 cm beam diameter

4. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 Where do we test PSI (protons) Gamma facilities (ESTEC, Fraunhofer, CERN) CEA Reactor (neutrons) Heavy-Ion Facilities (LET) Thermal neutron facilities (neutrons) (Prague, Oslo, Rome) CERN CNRAD (mixed-beam) -> stopped H4IRRAD (mixed-beam) -> limited intensity CHARM (mixed-beam) -> new facility Others (mainly for calibration, e.g, PTB) 4

5. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 You Ever Thought of Testing: 5 -100 components at once -an entire satellite? -a car control system?

6. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 6 CHARM Cern High Energy AcceleRator Mixed Field/Facility We’d also Other Good Options, … But CHER (French = expensive) (Cern High Energy Radiation Facility) New CERN Mixed-Facility

7. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 CERN Radiation Levels 7 CNGS failure (2007) Avionic SeaLevel International Space Station R2E Single-Event Effects R2E Cummulative Damage Material Damage COTS Systems Hardened Electronics Electronics Damage Custom Boards with COTS

8. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 24 GeV/c protons 8 Approach: Test Positions 4x40 cm movable shielding

9. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 9 Varying Radiation Field Lateral Positions Longitudin. D+H Full racks, crates, set of cards, components HEH: 10 7 cm -2 h -1 – 10 10 cm -2 h -1, TID: 10mGyh -1 – 10Gyh -1 HEH: 10 8 cm -2 h -1 – 10 11 cm -2 h -1 TID: 0.1Gyh -1 – 100Gyh -1 (gradients to be considered) Beam Position target in: HEH: >10 11 cm -2 h -1 TID: >100 Gyh -1 target out: HEH: >10 13 cm -2 h -1 TID: >10 kGyh -1

10. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014

11. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 IRRAD proton facility PH/DT 24 GeV/c proton beam LHC experiments East Area Facilities 24 GeV/c proton beam CHARM R2E Project Technical local Connection to the radiation area Control room Dry run test 11

12. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 12 Main Elements 24 GeV/c proton beam Installed in Mock-Up Purchase Order Launched – Exp. Nov14

13. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 13 Facility Overview Technical Area Control room «Dry Run» Patch Panel «IN» Patch Panel «OUT»

14. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 It’s Getting “In SHAPE” Mock-Up Area Target Station Montrack Train Shielding Painting Cable Guides © J. Mekki EN-STI

15. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 15 Thermal neutrons: n+ 10 B→ 7 Li+ 4 He Intermediate energy neutrons: low energy elastic/inelastic products Intermediate energy charged hadrons: direct ionization (relevant for very sensitive technologies) Inelastic interactions: n+ 28 Si→ 25 Mg+ α → 28 Al+p → 27 Al+d → 24 Mg+n+ α → 26 Mg+ 3 He … Particle Energy Spectra – The Source

16. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 16 Particle Energy Spectra – The Source 1 MeV 100 GeV 1 MeV100 GeV LHC experiment Pixel detector region Courtesy of Charles young Similar to what we have inside the tunnel 4 Order of magnitude

17. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 17 Particle Energy Spectra – The Source 2 order of magnitude 1 MeV 100 GeV Similar to what we have inside the shielded areas 1 MeV 100 GeV 2 order of magnitude Courtesy of Charles young LHC experiment Outermost barrel muon station

18. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 18 Energy Dependence Above ~ 100 MeV, the total hadron-Silicon inelastic cross section is saturated, however:  more light, long-ranged fragments are produced  and they are produced with larger energies (and therefore ranges) Total inelastic cross section saturates Light-fragment production cross section increases, and so does their production energy and range, increasing the prob. of reaching the SV and causing an error

19. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 19 High-Z materials (namely tungsten) are often used in the interconnection layers of the memories, near the sensitive volumes Energetic hadrons can induce fission in these materials, producing very high-LET fragments that can dominate the SEE cross section (p,f) cross section in W 230 MeV 3.7 mb 3.4 GeV 134 mb Factor ~35 between max. test energy and saturation Fission: Energy Dependence

20. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 20 Schwank 2005 (IEEE TNS) 1 GeV10 GeV x 10 SEL: Energy Dependence R. Garcia-Alia (CERN Thesis 2012-2014)

21. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 21 Different thermal behavior Different high energy (HE) contributions Impact on intermediate energies Test positions: -> Spectra

22. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 22 Representative Test Locations Accelerator Tunnels 90% of the particles

23. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 23 Representative Test Locations Accelerator Shielded Areas 1 99% of the particles

24. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 24 Representative Test Locations Accelerator Shielded Areas 2 90% of the particles

25. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 25 Atmospheric (200m) 90% of the particles Representative Test Locations

26. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 26 Atmospheric (10km) 90% of the particles Representative Test Locations

27. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 27 ISS Orbit: 90% of the particles Representative Test Locations

28. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 28 Contrary to other facilities: Test-Setup needs to be rad-tol Large distances: 10-30 m of cables. designers need to integrate solutions allowing to measure short signals if required (e.g. short transient “few ns”) But … (and it can be pre-tested!) Numerous representative radiation fields Mixed-Particle-Energy & large volumes Direct beam exposure Large range of calibrated fluxes and dose ranges (covering accelerator, but also other applications) Facility Design Constraints

29. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 Unique radiation test facility Various representative test environments Detailed calibration through various monitoring systems and MC calculations Component, Batch and System tests Range of dose rates (ELDRS up to high dose rates) and dimensions (~1x1x2m, 1.5t) Available as from Autumn 2014 CHARM – In short 29

30. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 30 Conclusions High-energies are of concern! (especially for destructive failures) Testing complex systems or many components can be important/useful Representative environments are an efficient test approach, likely not only for accelerators A new test facility will soon be available at CERN (mid-2014)

31. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 31 BACKUP

32. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 32 CHARM Cern High Energy AcceleRator Mixed Field/Facility New CERN Mixed-Facility CHARM part: 2.2kt iron, ~4.5kt concrete EN/MEF, EN/STI, EN/CV, EN/EL, BE/BI, TE/MPE, GS/ASE, DGS/RP, DG/HSE, EN/HDO, etc…

33. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 33 How do we deal with SEEs within the R2E project ?  Commercial components to be used in systems operating in radiation environments need to be tested.  Standard SEE test are carried out at PSI (30-230 MeV protons) or at CERN in-house test facilities (mixed-radiation field).  Testing is expensive and time-consuming, however the criticality of many of the potential failures is high (especially in terms of beam-time loss).  The risk is foreseen to increase in the upcoming years due to increasing sensitivity and LHC intensity/luminosity.

34. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 34 Shielding Configuration: -> Spectra Iron/Iron/Concrete/Concrete Concrete/Concrete/Iron/Iron Scoring in Rack 4

35. New Irradiation Test Facility : CHARM June 10 th 2014 35 Patch Panel – Cable list In total 255 cables available