1. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Slide 1 of 21 Objectives Explain how mental disorders are recognized. Identify four causes of mental disorders. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Describe five types of anxiety disorders and four other types of mental disorders.

2. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Slide 2 of 21 For each of your responses, explain why you gave the answer you did. Quick Quiz Which of the following statements are always true? Which are sometimes true? Which are always false? It is easy to identify a person with a mental disorder. Mental disorders are caused by emotional problems. Mental disorders affect a person’s ability to function. People who have a mental disorder are dangerous.

3. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Slide 3 of 21 A mental disorder is an illness that affects the mind and reduces a person’s ability to function, to adjust to change, or to get along with others. What are Mental Disorders?

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6. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Slide 6 of 21 Physical Factors Damage to the brain may cause a mental disorder. Causes of Mental Disorders Heredity A person may inherit a tendency toward a mental disorder. Early Experiences Extremely negative experiences that occur early in life can lead to mental illness. Recent Experiences Some mental health experts think that recent experiences are more likely than early experiences to trigger a mental disorder.

7. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Slide 7 of 21 A person with this disorder displays intense worry, fears, or anxiety most days for at least six months. Generalized Anxiety Disorder Anxiety that is related to a specific situation or object is called a phobia. Phobias

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9. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Slide 9 of 21 During a panic attack, a person will experience some of the following symptoms. Panic Attacks fast heart rate rapid breathing fear of suffocation believes he or she is dying sweating trembling or shaking choking sensation chest discomfort or pain nausea or stomach distress dizziness or lightheadedness fear of losing control an “out of body” sensation

10. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Slide 10 of 21 An unwanted thought or image that takes control of the mind is an obsession. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder An obsession may lead to a compulsion, an unreasonable need to behave in a certain way to prevent a feared outcome. People who survive a life threatening event may develop post-traumatic stress disorder. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder flashbacks nightmares inability to sleep Some symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder are

11. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Slide 11 of 21 People who have a mood disorder experience extreme emotions that make it difficult to function well in their daily lives. Mood Disorders Depression is an emotional state in which a person feels extremely sad and hopeless.

12. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Slide 12 of 21 Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder identified by serious disturbances in thinking, mood, awareness, and behavior. Schizophrenia People with an impulse-control disorder cannot resist the impulse, or drive, to act in a way that is harmful to themselves or to others. Impulse-Control Disorders Some examples of impulse-control disorders are kleptomania (taking items not needed or wanted) gambling uncontrolled shopping (buying many unnecessary things)

13. Section 4.1 Mental Disorders Slide 13 of 21 People who have a personality disorder display rigid patterns of behavior that make it difficult for them to get along with others. Personality Disorders Group A: People with personality disorders in this group tend to be cold and distant. Group B: People with personality disorders in this group are often overly emotional or unstable. Group C: People with personality disorders in this group often cannot make decisions.