1. Scott M Smith, T-189 ASM Dumfries, VA deltapilot@mac.com 571-345-4697

2. Overview Advantages/Philosophy Stages of Hypothermia Essentials Clothing Tents Bedding Campsite Selection Food & Water Survival Gear Luxuries CD w/suggested packing lists 7/10/20162

3. Advantages/Philosophy Advantages: More landscape, less people Different animals, more solitude Winter sports Philosophy: Be prepared Plan for weather Mental attitude is everything! Tips 7/10/20163

4. Stages of Hypothermia 1/2 98 - 95 degrees - Sensation of chilliness, skin numbness; minor impairment in muscular performance, especially in use of hands; shivering begins. 95 - 93 degrees - More obvious muscle lack of coordination and weakness; slow stumbling pace; mild confusion and apathy. Skin pale and cold to touch. 93 - 90 degrees - Gross muscular lack of coordination with frequent stumbling and falling and inability to use hands; mental sluggishness with slow thought and speech; retrograde amnesia. 7/10/20164

5. Stages of Hypothermia 2/2 90 - 86 degrees - Cessation of shivering; severe muscular lack of coordination with stiffness and inability to walk or stand; incoherence, confusion, irrationality. 86 - 82 degrees - Severe muscular rigidity; patient barely arouseable; dilatation of pupils; non-apparent heartbeat and pulse. Skin ice cold. 82- 78 degrees and below - Unconsciousness; death due to cessation of heart action. 7/10/20165

6. Essentials Conserving Body Heat is THE Prime Objective: Three ways to lose body heat: RADIATION CONDUCTION CONVECTION Basis of Warmth is loft (dead air) Use the C-O-L-D method to assure staying warm. C - Clean O - Overheating L - Loose Layers D – Dry 7/10/20166

7. Clothing Stay Warm! [“Cotton Kills”] Layers Hat, toboggan, balaclava, etc Gloves and liners Gaiters Jacket Pants Boots Poles! 7/10/20167

8. Tents High Performance Tent Be prepared for both the cold and the wind Tarp vs. tent Three season vs. four season Venting 7/10/20168

9. Bedding Pad (always use one!) avoid air mattresses; use closed-cell foam pads, thinsulate pads, or aluminum foil Sleeping Bag "Thickness is warmth” Do not get into with wet clothing Fluff & Double-bag Disposal hand warmer, filled Nalgene bottle Candy! Stocking cap and/or use the mummy bag’s hood Exercise Liners (Inside) 7/10/20169

10. Campsite Selection Evaluate Before Pitching  Wind, sun, elevation  Avalanche, snow, water  Vegetation, downhill  Trenches are “Okay” in the winter!  Stakes  Fires 7/10/201610

11. Food & Water Stoves High demand for calories to burn Foods high in fat, complex carbohydrates, and protein release their energy slowly, keeping you warmer. Sugar and starch burn too quickly to keep you warm hour after hour. Good foods to eat would be beef, poultry, fish, eggs, corn, beans, whole-wheat bread, peanut butter, macaroni and cheese, vegetables and fruits, butter, nuts, cheese, salami, and bacon. Some of these would make excellent snacks for the campout. Avoid sweets. Drink hot drinks, eat hot breakfast Drink plenty of fluids Cook one-pot meals Snack before bed-time 7/10/201611

12. Survival Gear 7/10/201612 Survival Gear  Knife  Tinder  Matches  Rope  Flashlight  First aid kit  Signaling device(s)  Compass  Space Blanket  Emergency Food (hard candy, jerky, etc)  Water

13. Luxuries Large insulated mug (warms hands) Camp near a hot spring Hand and foot warmers Cameras Binoculars, etc 7/10/201613

14. Suggested Lists Backpack Clothing Sleeping Gear Food Personal items Group items 7/10/201614

15. Wrap-up (get it?) Discussion and Questions Most of all…thanks for your attention! deltapilot@me.com 7/10/201615