1. Chapter 29 section 5 Terrorism Changes America By: Mr. Thomas Parsons

2. I.September 11, 2001 A.On September 11, 2001 hijackers seized four passenger jets in the United States. B.Two of the jets were deliberately crashed into the towers of the World Trade Center in New York City. C.Another jet crashed into the Pentagon in Washington D.C. D.A fourth jet set to crash into the White House was brought down by passengers in western Pennsylvania. E.2,977 Americans died during these terrorist attacks.

3. II.Middle East Terrorism and the United States A.Middle Eastern groups have carried out most terrorist attacks on the United States. B.Oil became important to American economy in the 1920s so the U.S. invest in Middle Eastern oil companies. C.Middle Easterners became angry with the United States for helping ruling families stay in power. D.Middle Eastern kingdoms became very wealthy but most Middle Easterners remained poor.

4. III.Oil and the West A.The growth of the oil industry increase the Middle East’s contact with Western society. B. Western ideas spread through the region, and devout Muslims feared their traditional values and beliefs were being weakened. C.New movements arose throughout the Middle East to return and protect traditions and values from the holy book of Islam, the Quran.

5. D. The movement also sought to overthrow pro-Western governments in the Middle East. E. Muslims who supported this movement were called fundamentalist Muslims. F. Most Muslim believe terrorism is against their faith.

6. IV.America and Israel A.American support of Israel angered many in the Middle East. B.In 1947 the UN divided Palestine into two territories. C.One part was named Israel and the other was supposed to be a Palestinian State. D.Fighting between Israel and Arab states led to this region being controlled by Israel, Jordan and Egypt.

7. V.Terrorism Grows A.In the 1950s Palestinians began holding guerrilla raids and terrorist attacks against Israel. B.The United States became a target because it gave military and economic aid to Israel. C.The governments of Libya, Syria, Iraq and Iran have secretly supported state- sponsored terrorism.

8. VI.A New Terrorist Threat A.In 1979 Osama bin Laden was a wealthy Saudi Arabian who joined the fight to remove the Soviet Union from Afghanistan. B.He used his wealth to support the Afghani resistance and founded al- Qaeda or “the base” in 1988. C.The organization recruited Muslims to fight in Afghanistan and channeled money and arms to the Afghani resistance.

9. VII.Bin Laden A.Bin Laden believed Western ideas had contaminated Muslim society. B.He was outraged when Saudi Arabia allowed American troops on Saudi soil when Iraq invaded Kuwait. C.Bin Laden then changed al-Qaeda into a terrorist organization. D.In 1998 Bin Laden issued a statement that Muslims should kill Americans everywhere in the World. E.In 2000 there was a terrorist attack on the USS Cole an American Warship in Yemen.

10. VIII.America Unites A.When terrorists attacked the United States on September 11, 2001, Americans responded. B.Many Americans rushed to donate blood, money, and supplies. C.Across America flags were flown to show unity and resolve. D.The American government put the armed forces on high alert. E.Airport security increased and the FBI began a massive investigation to link Bin Laden to the attacks.

11. IX.Fighting Terrorism A.On September 14 President Bush declared a national emergency and Congress voted to use force against terrorism. B.Secretary of State Colin Powell built an international coalition to support the United States in its fight against terrorism. C.Warship and aircrafts were sent to the Middle East to wage war against terrorism.

12. X.Homeland Security and the Anti- terrorist Law A.The President would create a department of Homeland Security to oversee domestic protections against terrorism. B.Congress passed a new anti- terrorist law in October of 2001. C.This law would allow secret searches to seek and capture terrorist cells working in America.

13. XI.War in Afghanistan and Iraq A.October 7, 2001 the United States launches military operation in Afghanistan to fight terrorism. B.The Taliban who ruled over Afghanistan was sponsoring terrorism by allowing al-Qaeda to set up training camps in their country. C.Warships and fight jets were used to eliminate Taliban military forces and al-Qaeda training camps.

14. D. In 2004, the United States invaded Iraq to remove Saddam Hussein who also was linked to supporting terror and possibly having nuclear weapons. E. The U.S. declared victory in both Afghanistan and Iraq but still have a major presence in the area to stop terrorism which remains.