1. Section 3: Structures and Organelles
Chapter 7
Section 3: Structures and Organelles

2. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
Essential Questions
What are the structures of a typical Eukaryotic cell, and what are their functions?
What are the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells?

3. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
Plant Cells vs. Animal Cells
Prokaryote
- no organelles
Eukaryotes
- organelles
animal cells
plant cells

4. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes
Membrane Bound Organelles
Nucleus
No Nucleus
No Organelles

5. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
Bacterial cell
Animal cell
most bacteria
1-10 microns
eukaryotic cells
microns

6. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
Cells have 3 main jobs
Make energy
Need energy for activities!
Need to clean up waste after energy production!
Make proteins
Do all of the cell’s work!
Make more cells
For growth
To replace damaged cells!
Our organelles do all these jobs!

7. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
Organelles do the work of the cells
Its like a little factory!

9. Cells need Power! Making energy
to fuel daily life & growth, the cell must…
- take in food & digest it
- take in oxygen (O2)
- make ATP
- remove waste
Organelles that do this work…
cell membrane
lysosomes
vacuoles & vesicles
mitochondria
ATP

10. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
phosphate “head”
Cell Membrane
Function:
Separates cell from outside
Controls what enters or leaves cell
- O2, CO2, Food, H20, nutrients & waste
Recognizes & Communicates with other cells!
Structure:
Double layer of lipids (fat)
- Known as the Phospholipid Bilayer!
lipid “tail”

11. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
Vacuoles & vesicles
Function:
Vesicles move material around the cell
Vacuoles store material
Structure:
Membrane sac
Vacuoles
Vesicles

12. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
plant cells
food vacuole.
central vacuole
animal cells

13. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
Lysosomes
Function:
Digests food
- used to make energy
Clean up & recycles
- digests broken organelles
Structure:
Membrane sack of digestive enzymes
Lysosomes
Digesting broken organelles

14. lysosome
food digestion
garbage disposal & recycling
vacuole & vesicles
transport inside cells
storage
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement of materials in & out
recognizes signals

15. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
Mitochondria
Function:
Make ATP energy from cellular respiration
Fuels the cell
Powerhouse!
Structure
Double membrane
ATP
in both animal & plant cells

16. Section 7-3: Structures and Organelles
Plants make energy two ways!
Mitochondria
make energy from sugar + O2
Cellular respiration
sugar + O2  ATP
Chloroplasts
make energy + sugar from sunlight
Photosynthesis
sunlight + CO2  ATP & sugar
ATP
sugar
ATP

17. lysosome
food digestion
garbage disposal & recycling
vacuole & vesicles
transport inside cells
storage
mitochondria
make ATP energy from sugar + O2
cell membrane
cell boundary
controls movement of materials in & out
recognizes signals