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The Periodic Table Physical & Chemical Properties.

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Presentation on theme: "The Periodic Table Physical & Chemical Properties."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Periodic Table Physical & Chemical Properties

2 CHEMISTRY of Atoms The Periodic Table Mendeleev’s Table 1868-1871 Mural at St. Petersburg University, Russia

3 Current Periodic Table Los Alamos National Lab Elements in Song Elements in Songhttp://chemconnections.org/general/movies/leher-elements.swf http://periodic.lanl.gov/index.shtml

4

5 Element: A substance that cannot be broken into simpler substances by chemical means, eg. Fe, Iron or S 8 Sulfur Compound: A substance with a constant composition that can be broken down into elements only by chemical processes,eg. FeS, Iron (II) sulfide Elements & Compounds Elements in SongFeS

6 Chemistry & Matter  How many different chemicals (atoms + molecules) do you think have been reported in the scientific literature? A) 100,000 B) 1,000,000 C) 10,000,000 D) 100,000,000 E) 1,000,000,000 CAS Registry : ~12,000 in 1907 ~ 500 new molecules are currently added / hr

7 Chemistry & Matter A) 100,000 B) 1,000,000 C) 10,000,000 D) 100,000,000 *** E) 1,000,000,000 CAS Registry : ~12,000 in 1907; ~ 75 million in 2013; 100,000,000 reached in July 2015 ~ 500 new molecules are currently added / hr http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_CAS_numbers_by_chemical_compound  How many different chemicals (atoms + molecules) do you think have been reported in the scientific literature?

8 Organization of Matter

9 Chemical Visualization: Atoms & Molecules Atomic Force Microscopy / Molecular Modeling Experimental / Mathematical

10 States of Matter States of Matter Movie

11 States of Water

12 Chemistry & Matter Organization of atoms & molecules: atoms/elements  molecules/compounds Physical vs. Chemical Properties Solid (s), Liquid (l), Gas (g) Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Mixtures Chemical Reactions

13 Chemistry & Matter: Properties & States Physical vs. Chemical Properties Solid (s)  Liquid (l)  Gas (g) Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Mixtures Extensive vs. Intensive Properties Varies with amount (extensive) or does not vary with amount (intensive) Heat of reaction is extensive (Chemical Property), density is intensive (Physical Property)

14 Extensive properties of a pure substance depend on sample size whereas intensive properties are characteristic of that substance. Which of these properties are intensive? I) Color II) Mass III) Density A) I and IIB) I and IIIC) II and IIID) I, II and III QUESTION

15 Extensive properties of a pure substance depend on sample size whereas intensive properties are characteristic of that substance. Which of these properties are intensive? I) Color II) Mass III) Density A) I and IIB) I and IIIC) II and IIID) I, II and III Answer

16 Observations of Physical & Chemical Properties Physical-Chemical Properties Movie

17 Which of these are chemical properties of matter? I) Rust/Corrosion II) Density III) Flammability IV) Melting point (Temperature: Solid  Liquid) A) I and IIB) I and III C) II and IVD) III and IV QUESTION

18 Which of these are chemical properties of matter? I) Rust/Corrosion II) Density III) Flammability IV) Melting point (Temperature: Solid  Liquid) A) I and IIB) I and III C) II and IVD) III and IV Answer

19 Using Physical & Chemical Properties: Distinguishing a Compound & a Mixture Mixtures and Compounds Movie

20 The effects of a magnet on iron: filings in a mixture and atoms in a molecule. FeS


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