1. G.H.PATEL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY SUBJECT – CHEMICAL PROCESS INDUSTRY-1 CODE : 2130505 BRANCH : CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

2. PREPARED BY :- 1. Dhruv R. Patel (130110105023) 2. Dhruv V. Patel (130110105024) 3. Mitesh V. Patel (130110105030) 4. Pratik V. Vasoya(130110105060) GUIDANCE BY :- Dr. R.R.NAGARAJAN

3. CONTENTS

4. ROW MATERIAL SOURCE

5. 1.FRACH PROCESS(SULFUR MINING)

6. ROW MATERIALS SULFUR DEPOSITS IN SALT DOMES LARGE SUPPLY OF HOT WATER *NO CHEMICAL REACTION

7. QUANTITATIVE REQUIREMENTS BASIS: 1 metric ton of sulfur water(160 Ċ) 6 tons DOME OPERATING CAPACITY:500-8,000 tons/day of sulfur

8. PROCESS DISCRIPTION Wells drilled into free sulfur-bearing salt domes. These are found in the USA along the Gulf Coast. Treated hot water is pumped into deposit melt sulfur ; water moves upward and outward to bleeder wells on outer periphery of area where it is aerated and discharged. Molten sulfur sinks to bottom of casing and is jet pumped with compressed air to sum separation units and shipment or storage. Filtration is sometimes used to remove carbonaceous and mineral water.

9. MAJOR ENGINEERING PROBLEM a)Heat transfer in melting and shipping operations b)Finding suitable sources of treated water c)corrosion

13. PROCESS DESCRIPTION

14. MAJOR ENGINEERING PROBLEM

15. PRODUCTION OF SULFURIC ACID BY CONTACT PROCESS

17. CHEMICAL REACTION

18. RAW MATERIALS

20. CATALYST Most widely used catalyst is vanadium pentoxide dispersed on porous carrier in pellet form. Platinum catalyst was previously used but suffers from easy poisoning, fragility, rapid heat deactivation, high initial invesment.

21. Characteristics of catalysts

22. Quantitative requirements

23. PROCESS DESCRIPTION

24. High yield product gases are cooled to 150Ċ by water and air heat exchange and absorbed in oleum fed at a rate to allow not over a 1% rise in acid strength. Final scrubbing is done with a lower strength (97%) acid. Oleum concentrations upto 40% can be made by tower absorption. Higher strength up to 65% is prepared by distilling 20% oleum.

25. MAJOR ENGINEERING PROBLEMS

27. USES Sulfuric acid is a very important commodity chemical, and indeed, a nation's sulfuric acid production is a good indicator of its industrial strength. World production in 2004 was about 180 million tonnes, with the following geographic distribution: Asia 35%, North America (including Mexico) 24%, Africa 11%, Western Europe 10%, Eastern Europe and Russia 10%, Australia and Oceania 7%, South America 7%.Most of this amount (~60%) is consumed for fertilizers, particularly superphosphates, ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfates.tonnes

28. About 20% is used in chemical industry for production of detergents, synthetic resins, dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, petroleum catalysts, insecticides and antifreeze, as well as in various processes such as oil well acidicizing, aluminium reduction, paper sizing, water treatment. About 6% of uses are related to pigments and include paints, enamels, printing inks, coated fabrics and paper, and the rest is dispersed into a multitude of applications such as production of explosives, cellophane, acetate and viscose textiles, lubricants, non-ferrous metals and batteries.antifreezepigmentsenamelscellophane

29. Health Sulfuric acid and sulfonated phenolics are the primary ingredients in Debacterol, a liquid topical agent that is used in the treatment ofrecurrent aphthous stomatitis (canker sores/mouth ulcers) or for any procedures in the oral cavity which require controlled, focal debridement of necrotic tissues.Debacterolrecurrent aphthous stomatitis

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