1. { Warm-Up #5 Answer the following in a paragraph: 1. if you were to become a psychologist, which field (Ch. 1 Sec. 3) would you enter/study and why?

2. { Chapter 2 Psychological research methods

3. Methods of Research

4. Match the description with its correct method of research 1. Obtain info by asking people a set of questions 2. intensive study of people/groups 3. measure relationship between 2 variables 4. observe subject in a natural setting 5. Investigators control the situation and decrease influence of outside variables 6. collect data from participants of different ages and compare 7. collect data about a group over a long period of time A. Case Studies B. Correlations and Explanations C. Cross-Sectional Studies D. Experiments E. Longitudinal Studies F. Naturalistic Observation G. Surveys

5.  Psychologist observes the subject in a natural setting without interfering  Avoid disturbing people being studied by concealing yourself or by acting as unobtrusively as possible Naturalistic Observation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BHA3YpjdqZs

6.  Intensive study of a person or a group  Most combine long-term observations with diaries, tests, interviews  Does NOT prove or disprove anything  Provide descriptive material to generate new hypotheses for researchers to test Case Studies http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fD1WqPGn5Ag&playnext=1&list= PL36F6B20948B00EA0&feature=results_main

7.  Information is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions  May consist of interviews, questionnaires or both Surveys http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sDTpxvV8nHg

8.  Data is collected about a group of participants over a number of years to assess how certain characteristics change or remain the same during development  Very time-consuming and risky Longitudinal Studies http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNV-8eGIwFE

9.  Data is collected from groups of participants of different ages and compared so that conclusions can be drawn about differences due to age  Less expensive and time consuming than longitudinal studies Cross-Sectional Studies

10.  Measure of a relationship between 2 variables or sets of data  Do not identify what causes what Correlations & Explanations

11.  Enables investigators to control the situation and to decrease the possibility that outside variables will influence results  Psychologists do not fully accept results until results have be replicated (duplicated) by at least 1 other psychologist Experiments http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mvUPLN_eaVw

12. { Problems and Solutions in Research Section 2.2

13.  Avoiding a self-fulfilling prophecy (read Exploring Psych, p. 42)  A situation in which a researcher’s expectations influence that person’s own behavior and thereby influence the participant’s behavior  Having expectations about a behavior and then acting in some way, usually knowingly, to carry that behavior Problem

14.  Use of a single-blind experiment  The participants are unaware of which participants received the treatment (read p. 43-44 Milgram Experiment)  Use of a double-blind experiment  Neither the experimenter nor the participants know which participants received which treatment  Researcher remains unbiased Solutions