1. Module 22Intelligence What is Intelligence? By: Roger Kim, Susan Park

2. One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities? Label people with the word “intelligence” or quantifying them with a number from some single scale Factor Analysis: enables researchers to identify clusters of test items that measure a common ability – Ex) Peter could be good at memorizing vocabulary as well as paragraph comprehension this is a cluster

3. Vicissitude: a change of circumstance or fortune, usually unpleasant Ubiquitous: present, appearing, found everywhere Zephyr: soft gentle breeze Vocabulary Test

4. Vicissitude?

5. Ubiquitous?

6. Zephyr?

7. One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities? Charles Spearman (1863-1945) General intelligence (g): a factor that underlies the specific factors – Tendency of abilities to come in a package – G factor underlies all of our intelligent behavior Ex) Peter might be good at generally everything

8. One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities? Howard Gardner (1983, 1993a,b, 1995) Intelligence comes in different packages Savant syndrome: a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing – They might score low on IQ tests, but have “an island of brilliance” Ex) Although Peter might be good at vocab etc., he is not good at drawing

9. Draw this

11. One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities? A general intelligence does not give much specific information Robert Sternberg’s three aspects of intelligence: – Analytical (academic problem-solving) intelligence: assessed by intelligence tests which have a single right answer – Creative intelligence: reacting adaptively to new situations and generating new ideas – Practical intelligence: assessed by everyday tasks which have multiple solutions

12. One General Ability or Several Specific Abilities? Sternberg (1998, 1999) and Gardner (1998) agree that… – Multiple abilities can contribute to life success – The differing varieties of giftedness add spice to life and challenges for education

13. IQ Test Question 1: A cynic is one who knows the price of everything and the _________ of nothing. Emotion Meaning Value Quality Question 2: Water is to glass as letter is to... Stamp Envelope Pen Mail Question 3: Even the most ________ rose has thorns. Weathered Ugly Beautiful Tempting

14. Answers A B A