1. Change and War: 1875-1914

2. Urbanization  Urbanization is the increasing number of people who live and work in cities.  In the decades following the Industrial Revolution more and more people moved to cities to find work in factories.  Advances in farming meant there were fewer people needed to work on farms.  The fired workers moved to cities for work in factories too.  Poor housing called Tenements were built to house workers in crowded cities. Urbanization in America

3.  Immigration Swells  Many people began to migrate to the US and Western Europe to find work and a better life.  New and larger factories needed more workers to be profitable.  The population grew as more 22 million immigrants entered the US from 1870- 1900 for economic opportunities.  Similarly, Western Europe had an influx of Eastern Europeans and minority groups from their colonies.  This led to racial and ethnical resentment toward immigrants in the US and Western Europe.

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5.   European Nations are still looking for places to colonize during this time and in the process come into conflict with one another.  This leads to tension and distrust between the European nations that ultimately brings them to war. Imperialism & WWI

6.  WWI Causes  Imperial Competition (Mercantilism)  Militarism  Secret Alliances  Growing Nationalism NOTE: The US at this time followed the Monroe Doctrine and remained Neutral at the start.

7.  Causes of WWI Imperialism  Many European nations were run by wealthy kings.  To increase their wealth they relied on Mercantilism.  This requires nations to have many colonies.  Tension over the colonies and power led to a rapid build up of weapons in Europe.

8.  Causes of WWI Militarism  Is the build up in size of a nation’s military and weapon supplies.  As European empires argued over colonies and land, they began to grow and strengthen the size of their militaries.  The military build up was constant as each nation tried to outdo each other.

9.  Causes of WWI Secret Alliances  Some European nations were small and needed help in case of a war.  Other nations just wanted allies if threatened to ensure a victory.  Because of this, many nations and empires began to form secret alliances to defend each other.  B/C there were so many secret alliances, one fight between 2 nations could start a global war.  Secret Alliances video Secret Alliances video

10.  WWI Causes Nationalism  Nationalism is to have pride in one’s country.  In Europe nationalism took 2 turns for the worse: 1.My nation is better than yours! 2.We want our own country! * Many conquered ethnic groups within larger empires wanted their own country again.

11.  Causes Help!  M- Militarism  A- Alliances  I- Imperialism  N- Nationalism  4 Major causes of WWI. M.A.I.N.

12.  Powder Keg Explodes!  Europe was on the edge of a large war.  The “spark” to ignite the war was the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of the Austria-Hungarian Empire by the Black Hand Gang in 1914.  Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Other nations stepped in due to to their secret alliances with the 2 nations.  WWI begins.  Black Hand gang 1 Black Hand gang 1  Black hand Gang 2 Black hand Gang 2  Black hand gang 3 Black hand gang 3

14.  US in WWI Monroe Doctrine & Neutrality  President Wilson wanted to keep the US out of European conflicts.  He chose Neutrality for the US, or to remain neutral and not pick sides.  The US continued to trade with both sides in the conflict.

15.  US Enters War Unrestricted Submarine Warfare  German was using Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (sink all ships not German).  Germany was forced by the US not to use this tactic again, because many innocent people were killed.  Germany feared it would lose if it did not use subs, so they turned to Mexico to keep the US out of the war.  The Secret Zimmerman Telegraph  The Secret Zimmerman Telegraph Germany sent to Mexico explained that Germany would help Mexico get all its land back from the US if they invaded the US.

16. Major Consequences of European Exploration Native America DefeatsTriangular Slave Trade Columbian Exchange Mercantilism- when mother countries control the trade of her colonies to gain wealth. Fryar Model: 4 Major Causes of WWI (1) You will use the example below to create a Fryar Model on the 4 Major causes of WWI. You will use colored pencils to create your illustrations. You will need to explain in one sentence each cause. ON the Back of 4 Major Causes of WWI (1)Militarism (2)Alliances (Secret) (3)Imperialism (4)Nationalism