1. Daily Questions:  What would you start a Revolution for?  What does injustice mean?  When is a revolution justified?  How should wealth and resources be distributed? Agenda: Histeria! PPT Leading up to the French Revolution Causes of the French Revolution Sources PPT Causes of the French Revolution French Revolution---- John Green

2. Unit Portfolio & Current Event Due: MONDAY!!!!

4. Revolution: A sudden, radical, or complete change. Political revolution: The overthrow of one government or ruler and the substitution of another by the governed.

5. Rebellion, uprising, revolt, insurrection: Like revolution, all refer to an outbreak of armed resistance to authority. Revolution applies to a successful rebellion that results in major change. Rebellion and uprising are often used to describe resistance that is unsuccessful. Revolt and insurrection imply an armed uprising that quickly succeeds or fails.

6. Coup d’etat (“Coup”): The violent overthrow or altercation of an existing government by a small group.

7. Do all the events on this list fit the definition of political revolution? Why can some of these events be described as being unpredictable uprisings? What’s unpredictable about them?

10. The collision of social unrest and new political ideas can lead to revolution. The outcomes of revolutions can not always be controlled once the revolution begins. In times of crisis, people will turn to strong leaders to gain a sense of stability.

11. When is a revolution justified? Was the French Revolution a revolution of bread or ideas? How are global revolutions affected by social, economic, and political forces? How should resources and wealth be distributed? Why do political revolutions occur?

12. 1789-1799

14. In 1700s, France was considered the most _______country in Europe. Was the center of the __________. Still divided, however, by feudal social system called the ________. advanced Enlightenment Old Regime

16. The First Estate Church __________ 100,000 people (Only 1% of population, but owned ___% of the land). ________ class. Paid only ___ of their income in taxes and lived in luxury. clergy Privileged 2% 10 ( bishops, abbots, and priests)

17. The Second Estate Made up of ___________. (Another _________class) 400,000 people (Only 2% of the population, but owned ____% of the land). Held all important positions in __________ and society and lived in luxury. Paid ____ of their income in taxes! rich nobles privileged 0% 20 government

19. France’s _________ people and _____________class. Paid _____ of their income in taxes. Paid taxes to nobles, the king, and the Church. Had no power to influence _____________ Resented ____________ for their privileges and special treatment. Discontented and eager for _________. unprivileged 50% nobles and clergy change government The Third Estate (97 % of France’s population) common

20. Third Estate = Three Different Groups ____________  Merchants and artisans  Well-educated.  Some were wealthy. ____________  Cooks, servants, others.  Paid very low wages. _________ (80% of population)  Farmers  Homeless and poor Bourgeoisie Urban (City) Workers Peasants

22. 1. Unfair Class Structure Members of _____ and _______ Estates lived extravagant lifestyles. Third Estate:  Heavily _________  No _________  Mostly _________  RESENTFUL! First Second taxed rights poor

23. Explain the point made in this political cartoon.

25. 2. Enlightenment Ideas Philosophes challenged authority and questioned why so few held so much ___________.  Questioned fairness of aristocracy having so much ___________.  Questioned concept of absolute monarchy + rule by _________. Ideas of ___________________ spread among the Third Estate. Inspired by the success of the ____________________. power wealth divine right equality, liberty, democracy American Revolution

26. Enlightenment Ideas People begin to question traditional beliefs French Revolution Citizens begin to question socioeconomic structure in country So, how did each of the three Estates view the ideas of the Enlightenment?

27. 3. Economic Crisis / Food Shortages Failing economy. Widespread crop failures 1787-1789 led to serious grain shortage and higher food prices. Price of _________ doubled in 1789. Farmers and peasants lost income. Many people unemployed. Many poor people faced starvation. Population increase strained France’s resources. France deeply in ______ due to costly wars and its support of American Revolution Government was BANKRUPT bread debt

28. 4. Louis XVI a Weak Leader King at age 20 and unprepared to rule. Indecisive and weak- willed. Lived in luxury at __________ and put off dealing with France’s _______ __________. Eventually decided _______ should start paying taxes to save the economy. Had to convene _________ (French Parliament) in 1788 to get its approval of new taxes. Hadn’t met since 1614 (175 years). Versailles economic problems nobles Estates General

29. Married to Louis at age 14. Was _________. Marriage arranged to create alliance between France and ______. Not liked by ____________. Didn’t produce _________-- her most important job -- for seven years. Extravagant lifestyle. Obsessed with outrageous ________. Became known as “Madame ________.” Why? Austrian Austria French people male heir fashion Deficit