1. Chapters 20 & 21 The Civil War

2. Chapter 20 Notes “Girding for War” 1861 - 1865

3. Start of the War April 12, 1861: South Carolina attacks the federal Fort Sumter, starting war April 15, 1861: Lincoln calls for 75,000 volunteer soldiers –Four more southern states secede

6. Border States Four slave states stayed with the Union –Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland, Delaware Lincoln had to be clear that he was not going to end slavery

7. My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or destroy slavery. –Abraham Lincoln, 1862

8. Balance of Forces South+ The best generals Higher morale Only had to defend themselves South - Few factories Few railroads Not much $$$ North + Bigger population More railroads More factories Strong navy More $$$ North - Weak generals

9. Draft Riots 1863: New York City Draft riots Wealthy could escape draft for $300 Poor Irish riot, attacking free blacks

11. Chapter 21 The Furnace of Civil War 1861 - 1865

12. The Union’s Plan 1.Blockade the South 2.Free the slaves 3.Control the Mississippi 4.Take Georgia 5.Capture the capital, Richmond

15. Major Battles July 31, 1861 - Bull Run; South wins Sept. 17, 1862 - Antietam Creek –Union wins, leads Lincoln to decide on emancipation July 1, 1863 - Gettysburg –Union wins, seals death of the South July 4, 1863 - Vicksburg –Union takes control of Mississippi

18. Emancipation January 1, 1863: Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation Frees slaves in Confederate land Does not free slaves in border states or land conquered by the North Changes purpose of war: end slavery Blacks join army by the thousands

21. End of War April 9, 1865: Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse (VA) April 14, 1865: Lincoln assassinated by Confederate sympathizer