1. Mammals Kingdom Animalia
---Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Mammalia
What do you get when you cross an elephant with a fish?
swimming trunks

2. Characteristics 1. Hair (some marine mammals have very little)
2. Specialized Teeth
3. Endothermic (warm-blooded)
4. Mammary Glands
5. Placenta (most)
6. Diaphragm - muscle that aids breathing

3. What kind of animal is this?

4. Evolution of Mammals
Mammals did not come to dominate until the CENOZOIC ERA, after the dinosaurs became extinct
Early mammals were probably rodent-like and nocturnal

5. How do mammals stay warm?
Hair insulates most mammals
Some marine mammals have a layer of subcutaneous fat (blubber)

6. What is the placenta?
Attached to the wall of the uterus , it provides the fetus with nourishment. 

7. The Birth of a Giraffe

8. What are mammary glands?
Only found in mammals, produce milk to feed young.

9. How the Diaphragm Works

10. Specialized Teeth Incisors – biting Canines - stabbing, holding
molars - crushing, grinding
Different types of mammals have different types of teeth - depending on their diet
Predators have large canines Herbivores have large flat molars

11. The canines of predators are very large and sharp, used for tearing flesh

12. Digestion Mammals have diverse diets.
Herbivores often have an extra stomach chamber called a RUMEN to help them digest plants
This chamber holds bacteria that can digest plant material

13. Circulation
Mammals have a 4 – chambered heart and double loop circulation.
What other animals have a double loop?

14. Movement Mammals are a diverse group. Some… Run Climb Dig Fly Swim
Legs are adapted to a particular job

15. An animal that is BIPEDAL walks on two legs.
Mammals are TETRAPODS, meaning they have four limbs. These limbs can be adapted to different functions, such as the wings of bats or the flippers of whales.
An animal that is BIPEDAL walks on two legs.

16. Whales do not have hind limbs, but they do have VESTIGIAL pelvic bones.

17. 2. What muscles helps mammals breathe? _______
Quick Check
1. What attaches to the uterus wall and nourishes an embryo? _____________________
2. What muscles helps mammals breathe? _______
3. Which type of tooth is used for grinding? _____ 4. What part of a cow helps them digest plants? _____
5. The structure of the jaw and teeth can give you information about about a mammal’s: a. habitat b. age c. diet
6. Mammals have [ double / single ] loop circulation.
7. Diversity refers to a. different kinds b. the way animals evolved

18. Reproduction
Most mammals give birth to live young. There are two groups that are exceptions…
Monotremes (lay eggs)
Marsupials (develop young in a pouch)

19. Order Monotremata Egg laying mammals found only in Australia
Have reptilian characteristics (cloaca & egg laying)
Have mammalian features (hair, mammary gland)

20. Examples: Duck Billed Platypus Echidna (Spiny Anteater)

22. Order Marsupiala
Mammals bear their young in an immature state, babies develop in a pouch
Majority are found on Australia, opossums are found on other continents

23. Marsupial Examples
Can you name these animals?

24. Kangaroo Birth

25. Placental Mammals Placental Mammals have a gestation period
(length of time in uterus)

26. Placenta
Watch the birth of Mia’s First Puppy!

28. Domesticated animals have been kept and bred by people - cows, dogs, pigs, horses..etc

29. Biogeography of Mammals
Why do animals on different continents look alike?
Flying Squirrel and Sugar Glider

30. Answer: Convergent Evolution
Unrelated species are adapted to similar environments and similar NICHES
Austin’s Sugar Glider

31. 1. Mammals that lay eggs are called: ____________
Quick Check
1. Mammals that lay eggs are called: ____________
2. Mammals that carry young in a pouch are called: _________________
3. The length of time a mammal grows in the uterus is called: __________
4. This structure attaches the fetus to the uterus and provides nourishment: _____
5. Name a mammal that has a cloaca. _____
6. Why do unrelated animals resemble each other?
__________________ evolution