1. Devil Cat Ghost Cat Mountain Lion Screaming Cat

2. Puma Florida Panther Cougar

3. There are at least 50 common names for the animal shown on the previous 2 slides. Common names vary according to region. Soooo……why use a scientific name? 1. unique identifier for everything 2. everything fits into the whole Biological Taxonomy

4. We only know about a tiny fraction of the organisms that exist or have existed on Earth. Taxonomists give a unique scientific name to each species they know about whether it’s alive today or extinct. The scientific name comes from one of two “dead” languages – Latin or ancient Greek. Why use a dead language? Every organism fits into a tree of life that has levels of organization ending with most specific. Biological Taxonomy

5. Life is everywhere on this planet in amazing variety: how do you make sense of it all?

6. All living organisms are related The tree is a picture of how everything relates Different branches on the tree represent different groups This is a very simple version, the tree really looks more like this… Making sense of life: The tree of life

7. Organizing life:History Aristotle 2000 years ago. Organized organisms by visible features and where they live 1) plants and animals 2) where each thing lives-- in ocean or on land Linneaus in the 1700’s. Swedish, he invented two name system, father of taxonomy. Still using physical characteristics, just more specific. Evolutionary biologists say the tree relationships should reflect organisms common evolution. For example: Linneaus put bats with birds, because they both fly. Evolution says bats are mammals and are therefore closer to humans, dogs and cows. DNA biochemistry changes some relationships, confirms others. Platypus is and example. Today Tree of Life Web Project

8. Tree of Life Web Project 1.All of life is being described and organized 2.The relationships of different living things is being confirmed by modern methods (DNA, Biochemistry) 3.It is a world wide cooperative project 4.Huge and ambitious

9. a two name system for writing scientific names. The genus name is written first (always Capitalized). The species name is written second (never capitalized). Both words are italicized if typed or underlined if hand written. Example: Felis concolor or F. concolor Which is the genus? The species? Binomial Nomenclature: two names

10. So for every organism That exists on the planet There is an exact place In the tree. King Philip Came Over For Good Soup helps you remember. Kingdoms: most general Genus: very specific Species: just that one kind Now we have a name so where does each organism fit?

12. Now it is your turn: which 2 species are most closely realted OrganismHouse catRed foxDogWolfGopherFly KingdomAnimalia PhylumChordata Arthropoda ClassMammalia Insecta OrderCarnivora RodentiaDiptera FamilyFelidaeCanidae GeomyidaeMuscidae GenusFelisVulpesCanis ThomomysMusca SpeciesF. domesticusV. fulvaC. familiaris C. lupusT. bottaeM. domestica

14. vvv Kingdom phylum class order family genus species King philip came over for good soup vvv Big circle represents kingdom, next phylum, next class etc. Is A or B Correct? A B

15. vvv REMEMBER: Kingdom phylum class order family genus species King Philip Came Over For Good Soup vvv The levels are like nested boxes or circles. Biggest is kingdom, next class etc. Is A or B Correct? A B