1. Standard Information Workbook: Update Proposal Christian Douglass Regional Technical Forum March 15, 2016

2. Objective Today, we are seeking a decision to adopt updates to the RTF’s Standard Information Workbook (SIW) 2

3. What is the SIW? A centralized data resource containing regionally representative costs, non-energy benefits, and other data that are common across multiple measures, such as: – Regional electric rates – Water and wastewater rates – Embedded energy in water – Cost assumptions for insulation, windows, heat pumps – Commonly used efficiency factors and weighting factors – Residential and commercial HVAC interaction factors Intended to help improve consistency and reduce duplication in RTF work products Last major updates were made in May of 2014 3

4. Proposed Updates for Today Major updates (larger changes or new analyses not previously seen by RTF) – Update commercial lighting HVAC interaction factors – Update residential HVAC interaction factors – Update embedded energy of water (per 7 th Plan analysis) – Add average regional incoming water temperatures Minor updates (simple changes or items previously seen by RTF) – Update GDP implicit price deflators for 2015/2016 – Change default dollar year of all costs to 2012$ (per 7 th Plan) – Add 7 th Plan discount rate (4%) – Rename “wood fuel credit” to “retail electric rate” – Update retail electric rates 4

5. Major Updates: Commercial Lighting HVAC Interaction Factors A team made up of BPA, Navigant, and Mike Kennedy developed a set of new commercial building simulation models and lighting HVAC interaction factors for the region – Simulation models based in EnergyPlus (DOE tool) – Wide variety of buildings across several climate zones and two vintages (existing and “new”) Retail (stand alone and strip mall) Grocery Hotel (large and small) Hospital Office (large, medium, small) Secondary school Warehouse Residential care 5 Large office model prototype

6. Major Updates: Commercial Lighting HVAC Interaction Factors (cont’d) Building models leveraged CBSA data for model inputs to the greatest extent possible – Lighting LPDs – Lighting and HVAC operating hours – Envelope and HVAC characteristics “Existing” building models used CBSA data for pre-2004 buildings; “new” building models used CBSA data for 2004- 2013 buildings Models were roughly calibrated to CBSA billing data – Model whole building EUIs (electric and gas) were compared to CBSA whole building EUIs (electric/gas) and adjusted where it made sense Sensitivity analyses were performed to identify which model inputs deserved the most attention [Open workbook to see HVAC factors] 6

7. Major Updates: Commercial Lighting HVAC Interaction Factors (cont’d) Regional stakeholders, including Council staff and RTF CAT, provided input during the process and reviewed final results HVAC factors align relatively well with 6 th Plan values where expected, though direct comparisons are difficult (models are different, inputs are different, etc.) Several deliverables are available from the project: – Summaries of model inputs and outputs (Excel files)model inputs and outputs – Summary of final results (Excel file) Summary of final results – Model documentation (Word file) Model documentation – Building simulation model files (EnergyPlus files – coming soon) CAT proposes adding final HVAC interaction factor results to the SIW and pointing to the original source documents 7

8. Major Updates: Residential HVAC Interaction Factors Current res HVAC interaction factors in SIW are based on rough analysis dating back to 6 th Plan work CAT developed new interaction factor analysis, based in SEEM, for 7 th Plan work – The resulting interaction factors represent the interaction we would expect for a single-zone model From heat pump water heater work at the RTF, we’ve seen that real residential houses may be more complex than a single-zone model would suggest – Evidence from a PNNL study 1 that not every kWh of heat gain or loss is “realized” by the thermostat – This led to the development of a set of “thermal coupling factor” assumptions 2 and an associated research strategy: 0.75, on average, for the main living area of the house 0.50 for a conditioned basement 8 1 PNNL. Impact of Ducting on Heat Pump Water Heater Space Conditioning Energy Use and Comfort. July 2014.PNNL. Impact of Ducting on Heat Pump Water Heater Space Conditioning Energy Use and Comfort. July 2014. 2 November 2014 Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) Subcommittee meeting.November 2014 Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) Subcommittee meeting.

9. Major Updates: Residential HVAC Interaction Factors (cont’d) CAT proposes adding new res HVAC interaction factors to the SIW, using the updated SEEM analysis and the “thermal coupling factors” – Several RTF measures, including HPWHs, heat pump dryers, and res screw-in lamps, already utilize this updated method [Open workbook to see HVAC factors] 9

10. Major Updates: Embedded Energy in Water Certain measures at the RTF, such as clothes washers, save water – both fresh water and wastewater This water savings has value, both in terms of dollars (water rates paid) and kWh (energy required to pump and process the water) Council staff updated water “embedded energy” calculation for 7 th Plan – Current SIW value, for combined water and wastewater (based on 6 th Plan work): 5.29 kWh/1,000 gal – 7 th Plan value for combined water and wastewater: 3.68 kWh/1,000 gal CAT proposes updating the water embedded energy value to use the 7 th Plan analysis 10

11. Heating Zone Incoming Water Temperature (in deg. F), by Water Source Heating Zone Default City SurfaceCity GroundCity MixWell HZ155.353.654.350.955.3 HZ252.151.751.649.751.7 HZ348.849.948.948.449.1 Major Updates: Incoming Water Temperatures Some measures, such as showerheads, have savings calculations that rely on knowing incoming water temperature Historically, RTF has used temperatures published by DOE In 2013, NEEA/Ecotope measured actual inlet water temperatures for the Northwest as part of HPWH study – This study provided very detailed profiles of inlet water temperature (see additional slide) CAT calculated averages based on the 2013 data: CAT proposes adding these average incoming water temps to the SIW 11 * * Uses simple average of city ground and well water.

12. Minor Updates – in Detail GDP implicit price deflators – Used to adjust from one year of dollars to another – CAT proposes adding price deflator for 2015 from the federal reserve bank 1 and estimating deflator for 2016 using a trend of the last ten years federal reserve bank Default dollar year of all costs – Current default dollar year is 2006$, per 6 th Plan Discount rate – Current SIW does not include a discount rate assumption, but occasionally CAT will need to perform present value calculations 12 1 https://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/series/GDPDEF

13. Minor Updates – in Detail (cont’d) “Wood fuel credit” – A QC memo recommended renaming the “wood fuel credit” to the “retail electric rate”, since the RTF values more NEBS than just reductions in wood use at the retail electric rate (e.g. cooling) – CAT proposes renaming “wood fuel credit” to “retail electric rate” Retail electric rates – CAT proposes updating from 2012 rates to 2015 rates using EIA data 1EIA data – Rates available for all NW states and by sector (see next slide) Residential screw-in lamp costs – CAT proposes removing from SIW since they are 1) only used for one measure other than screw-in lamps (res new construction) and 2) cumbersome to update 13 1 http://www.eia.gov/electricity/data.cfm#sales

14. Updated Regional Retail Electric Rates (2015$) 14 State Total Electric Sales, 2015 (MWh) Weight Residential Retail Rate (cents/kWh) Commercial Retail Rate (cents/kWh) Industrial Retail Rate (cents/kWh) All Sectors Retail Rate (cents/kWh) ID 23,233,28413%9.647.4005.6908.06 MT 14,102,3928%10.429.7304.7608.67 OR 47,334,95327%10.398.6505.7708.87 WA 92,140,77752%9.198.5104.1707.79 Overall 176,811,406100%9.678.504.858.18 Source: http://www.eia.gov/electricity/data.cfm#sales

15. Proposed Update Process Moving Forward Apply minor updates to SIW throughout the year without bringing to the RTF for formal adoption – E.g., updating GDP deflators; updating costs, parameters, and/or measure lifetimes resulting from an RTF decision Bring major SIW updates to the RTF for formal adoption – Updates that have never been seen by RTF – Places where judgment is required – E.g. commercial/residential HVAC interaction factors proposed in this presentation 15

16. Proposed Motion “I _________________ move the RTF adopt the updates as proposed to the following parameters in the Standard Information Workbook: – commercial lighting HVAC interaction factors – residential HVAC interaction factors – embedded energy of water – incoming water temperatures – GDP implicit price deflators – retail electric rates – removal of residential screw-in lamp costs ” 16

17. Additional Slides 17

18. Incoming Water Temperature Data 18 Source: 2014 DRAFT NEEA Report: Heat Pump Water Heater Model Validation Study, prepared by Ecotope Consulting.