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Published byClarence Norris Modified over 8 years ago
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BIOFUEL ETHANOL: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL STATE OF LAW IN THE RISK SOCIETY Authors: José Rubens Morato Leite, Délton Winter de Carvalho, Matheus Almeida Caetano, Silvana do Prado Brouwers and Maria Leonor Paes Cavalcanti Ferreira
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BIOFUEL ETHANOL: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL STATE OF LAW IN THE RISK SOCIETY Different topics; Consequences.
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POSITIVE CONSEQUENCES OF SUGARCANE ETHANOL - Reduction of the Greenhouse Gases; - Assimilation of CO2 by the cane; - Brazilian sugarcane ethanol is the most efficient biofuel in energy production;
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POSITIVE CONSEQUENCES OF SUGARCANE ETHANOL: - employments; - “energetic emancipation”.
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NEGATIVE POINTS OF SUGARCANE ETHANOL: Monoculture agricultural; Devastation of rainforests; Loss of biodiversity;
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NEGATIVE POINTS OF SUGARCANE ETHANOL: Sugarcane burning Air pollution - Put food prices on the increase.
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BIOFUEL Biofuel is any liquid, gaseous, or solid fuel produced from plant or animal organic matter. Soybean oil, alcohol from fermented sugar, wood as fuel, etc
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FIRST GENERATION BIOFUELS Use crops as food stocks; Low technological complexity
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FIRST GENERATION BIOFUELS Examples: biogas, biodiesel (soybean, sunflower and rapeseed), ethanol (corn, sugarcane, sugar beet and wheat) and vegetable oil.
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SECOND GENERATION BIOFUELS Cellulosic biomass; Advanced technology; Examples: biohydrogen, biogas, bioethanol and biofuel synthetic.
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THIRD GENERATION BIOFUELS Seaweed as raw material ability to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere greater efficiency photosynthetic extremely small
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THIRD GENERATION BIOFUELS In Brazil, since 2006 research to produce biodiesel from microalgae CHALLENGE: very expensive and consumes much energy.
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Environmental State of Law Environmental problems are synergic and very complex. Mechanisms of the Environmental Rule of Law: BAT
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Best available technology Machines to cut sugarcane, Cellulosic ethanol production from biomass-waste; Non-use of pesticides.
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SOCIAL SEAL program with social criteria (tax incentives) reduce regional disparities
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CHALLENGES INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT ecological economic zoning planting areas on too dry or degraded lands for food production and only with native plants
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CHALLENGES decentralization of ethanol production ethanol production by family farmers and the possibility of selling it to large companies.
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INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT Example: energetic self-sufficiency of some Brazilian plants, existing in some cases even a surplus, sold to electric distribution companies. Second generation ethanol production must increase, using garbage and waste as raw material.
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CONCLUSION It’s necessary a policy of biofuels with a integrated system of food and bioenergy production, with a link among all environmental public agents and with a condition in environmental that allows the good use of biomass residues, to get a best environmental protection.
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