1. Chemical nature of Crude drugs PH103.71

2. 2 Recap Glycosides Different types of Glycosides In the last class we learnt about

3. PH103.73 Examples of different types of Glycosides Examples of Tannins On completion of this period, you would be able to know Objectives

4. PH103.74 Flavones are Phenyl benzopyrone derivatives They may occur in form of Flavone Flavanol Flavanone Isoflavone Chalcone Flavonoid Glycosides

5. PH103.75 Responsible for colours Cyanidin in Rose and Corn flowers Malvidin in purple grapes Anthocyanidin Glycosides

6. PH103.76 Anthracene Glycosides Senna leaf Cassia aungustifolia Aloe Aloe vera Senna pods Cassia acutifolia Rhubarb Rheum emodi Cascara Rhamnus purshiana Summary of Glycoside Containing Crude Drugs

7. PH103.77 DigitalisDigitalis purpurea Red squillUrginea maritima StrophanthusStrophanthus kombe Indian SquillUrginea indica Thevetia Thevetia nerifolia Steroidal Glycosides

8. PH103.78 Dioscorea Dioscorea deltoidea Liquorice Glycyrrhiza glabra Shatavari Asparagus racemosus Brahmi Bacopa moniera Saponin Glycosides

9. PH103.79 Bitter almondPrunus amygdalus Wild cherry bark Prunus serotina Cyanogenetic Glycosides

10. PH103.710 Black mustard Brassica nigra Isothiocyanate Glycosides

11. PH103.711 Silmarin Silbus marianum Citrus-fruits Lemon Citrus limonis Orange Citrus aurantium Flavonol Glycosides

12. PH103.712 Ammi Ammi majus Psoralea Psoralea corylifolia Coumarin and Furanocoumarin Glycosides

13. PH103.713 Gentian Gentiana lutea Chirata Swertia chirata Quassia Picrasma excelsa Gymnema Gymnema sylvestre Miscellaneous Glycosides

14. PH103.714 Tannins comprise of a large group of Complex Organic Non-nitrogenous Phenolic compounds with high molecular weight Polyhydroxy benzoic acid derivatives capable of combining with protiens Tannins

15. PH103.715 Tannins They have property to combine with proteins of animal skin convert it into leather Tannins are amorphous in nature Soluble in water, Alcohol,Astringent in taste Precipitate proteins Produce acidity reaction

16. PH103.716 Tannins Due to Polyphenolic with Ferric chloride solution Tannins give Blue, Green, Black Violet colour / precipitate Tannins also give ppt. with gelatin, antipyrine, Alkaloids, Heavy metallic salts, Proteins

17. PH103.717 Tannins Tannins can be classified Condensed tannins Hydrolysable tannins Pseudo tannins

18. PH103.718 Tannins Condensed tannins formed by Catechins & Flavonols When heated produce catechol Condensed tannins give green colour When reacted with dil. Hydrochloric acid Phloroglucinol is produced Light coloured phlobatannin are converted into insoluble dark coloured Phlobaphenes eg: Cinchona

19. PH103.719 Tannins Hydrolysable tannins are esters When hydrolysed with acids or enzymes produce gallic acid or ellagic acid With ferric chloride they produce Blue or black colour / precipitate On heating they yield pyrogallol Eg: Clove, Rhubarb, Myrobalan

20. PH103.720 Tannins Bahera Terminalia belerica Arjuna Terminalia arjuna Tannic Acid Quercus infectoria Amla Emblica officinalis Ashoka Saraca indica Black catechu: Acacia catechu Pterpcarpus Pterocarpus marsupium

21. PH103.721 Summary In this class we learnt about Different types of Glycosides Examples of Tannins

22. PH103.722 Quiz The bark which is used as Cardiotonic a)Arjuna b)Cinchona c)Cinnamon d)Kurchi

23. PH103.723 Quiz Tannins react with Ferric Chloride give rise to a)Blue b)Green c)Black d)All the above

24. PH103.724 Frequently Asked Questions 1.Explain in detail about Tannins with examples?