1. Date of download: 7/11/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. Relationship among the intrinsic parameters and the rotation angle; *, the results of the algorithm in Ref. ; +, the results using the improved algorithm. Figure Legend: From: Improved robust and accurate camera calibration method used for machine vision application Opt. Eng. 2008;47(11):117201-117201-11. doi:10.1117/1.3027554

2. Date of download: 7/11/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. Relationship of NSCE and the angle between axis U and V when the fourth-order distortion coefficient is changed. ( ◇, the results of Tsai's algorithm with the 2-D plane; *, the results of Tsai's algorithm with the 3-D model; and +, results of the improved algorithm.) Figure Legend: From: Improved robust and accurate camera calibration method used for machine vision application Opt. Eng. 2008;47(11):117201-117201-11. doi:10.1117/1.3027554

3. Date of download: 7/11/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. Flowchart of the improved method. Figure Legend: From: Improved robust and accurate camera calibration method used for machine vision application Opt. Eng. 2008;47(11):117201-117201-11. doi:10.1117/1.3027554

4. Date of download: 7/11/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. Error of 2-D undistorted image coordinates with the rotation angle and numbers of the pattern plane changed. Figure Legend: From: Improved robust and accurate camera calibration method used for machine vision application Opt. Eng. 2008;47(11):117201-117201-11. doi:10.1117/1.3027554

5. Date of download: 7/11/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. NSCE with the second-distortion coefficient changed: *, the results of Tsai’s algorithm with the 2-D plane; ◇, the results of Tsai’s algorithm with a 3-D object; and +, results of the improved algorithm. Figure Legend: From: Improved robust and accurate camera calibration method used for machine vision application Opt. Eng. 2008;47(11):117201-117201-11. doi:10.1117/1.3027554

6. Date of download: 7/11/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. Relationship of the number of characteristic points and the accuracy of calibration: *, the results of Tsai’s algorithm with a 2-D plane; ◇, the results of Tsai’s algorithm with a 3-D object; and +, the results of the improved algorithm. Figure Legend: From: Improved robust and accurate camera calibration method used for machine vision application Opt. Eng. 2008;47(11):117201-117201-11. doi:10.1117/1.3027554

7. Date of download: 7/11/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. One real distorted image of the model plane. Figure Legend: From: Improved robust and accurate camera calibration method used for machine vision application Opt. Eng. 2008;47(11):117201-117201-11. doi:10.1117/1.3027554

8. Date of download: 7/11/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. Extracted corners and the corrected image points: +, the point after distortion correct using the improved algorithm; ○, the feature points extracted from the real distorted image; *, the coordinate of the principal point after calibration; and ◇, the center point of the image (360,288). Figure Legend: From: Improved robust and accurate camera calibration method used for machine vision application Opt. Eng. 2008;47(11):117201-117201-11. doi:10.1117/1.3027554

9. Date of download: 7/11/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. Corrected image of the model plane. Figure Legend: From: Improved robust and accurate camera calibration method used for machine vision application Opt. Eng. 2008;47(11):117201-117201-11. doi:10.1117/1.3027554

10. Date of download: 7/11/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. (a) Distortion image and (b) corrected image. Figure Legend: From: Improved robust and accurate camera calibration method used for machine vision application Opt. Eng. 2008;47(11):117201-117201-11. doi:10.1117/1.3027554