1. UNIT 5 Day 32: From Peace to Conflict

2. Dred Scott vs. Sanford  Dred Scott (slave) taken to MN during 1830s  1846 Scott sued for freedom  Grounds: lived in free state and territory for prolonged time  11 years, case reaches Supreme Court  Verdict (Chief Justice Roger B. Taney):  Not free, only lived there for 2 years, returned to MO  Black men are not citizens and can’t bring suit  Congress has no right to prohibit slavery in a territory (violate 5 th amendment, can’t take away property w/out due process of law)  MO Compromise = Unconstitutional!

3. Lincoln-Douglas Debates  Aug to Sept of 1858, Face 2 Face debates  Throughout Illinois, goal: Win Senate seat  Spectators by train, boat, wagon, buggy, horse  Douglas: Popular Sovereignty  Lincoln: PS goes against Dred Scott decision  Freeport Doctrine: Douglas  Supreme Court decisions<actions of citizens Disliked by So. Democrats

4. L-D Debates Continues  Lincoln: “A House Divided could not stand”  Douglas: founders “left each state perfectly free to do as it pleased”  Lincoln: blacks entitled “life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness”-DOI  Douglas: Founders did not intend inclusion for blacks  No one wins debates  Douglas elected to Senate seat

5. John Brown’s Raid  Oct 16, 1859  John Brown leads 18 men into town: Harper’s Ferry, VA  Plan: Instigate major slave rebellion  Seized arms and ammunition in fed. Arsenal  No rations, no escape route, no slaves rose up Brown and co. surrounded by local militia and citizens 10 deaths (8 from Brown’s army, 2 from town)  Results:  Brown tried and hung on Dec. 2 (Martyr for abolition)  Further divided N and S—South outraged at admiration!

6. Election of 1860  S. Democratic Candidate: Stephen Douglas  Best chance to defeat “Black Republicans”  N. Democratic Candidate: John C. Breckenridge  Then VP of US  Republican Candidate: Abraham Lincoln  Symbol of frontier, hard work, American dream  Constitutional Union Party nominates John Bell  Wealthy slaveholder from TN  Lincoln wins 40% of popular, 180 electoral  60% didn’t vote for him.

7. The South Secedes  Within 3 mo of Lincoln’s election, 7 state seceded from Union (SC, MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, TX)  Southern legislators resign  Confederacy formed, starting with SC  Elect President Jefferson Davis  Senator Crittenden: propose extending 36-30 line to Pacific to split free and slave states forever  Last ditch, failed attempt  Pres. James Buchanan (until Lincoln’s inauguration) refused to send army south, “Unconstitutional”

8. Lincoln-Douglas Activity  Download the Lincoln-Douglas RLAH from Period 5 Assignments  Complete on a separate sheet of paper and turn in.  Use complete sentences.