1. Therapeutic Use of Groups superKAT :)

2. Group 3 or more people who are together for some period of time with common goals or share a common purpose

3. Group treatment Planned process for creating changes in individuals by bringing them together for a specific purpose

4. Group dynamics Cohesiveness – sense of solidarity, feeling of group as one Length (time) and frequency (how often) Intermember similarity – how members feel similar to each other Goals (objectives, purpose) and norms (rules or standards) Functional roles within a group – roles that group members have to perform (task roles, group maintenance roles and eccentric roles) Group process – group dynamics, changes that happen within a group, what happens during the group process

5. Therapeutic factors Group cohesiveness – single most important factor Interpersonal learning output – successful interaction with other members of the group Intillation of hope – members see hope through other members who are progressing Universality – experiencing a shared situation that they feel that they are not alone with their problem, people who can relate with each other Guidance Family reenactment – feeling of members as part of a family Altruism – they are able to help others in return; sense of fulfillment able to help other people

6. Developmental groups Parallel – share the same space Project – 1 to 2 Egocentric-cooperative – long term; more group dynamics Cooperative – long term, expression of feelings Mature – equal roles among members of the group

7. Differences of therapy groups from other forms of groups Therapy groups are artificial situations designed to help patients acquire new skills or practice old ones Group leader is responsible for making sure that learning occurs Regardless of specific activity used or skills taught, the group acknowledges the emotional experiences of each member (processing of the activity after performance)

8. Leader behavior Consistency – same level of respect, interest and authority given to each member of the group Autonomy Nurturing – support, motivation, group leader as the “motherly” figure of the group Interpersonal learning – modify the group activity according to the pace or level of difficulty of the members of the group

9. Preparation for the group 4 areas: – Knowledge: how well the leader understands and can analyze the various factors in groups and how they affect the functioning of the members of the group – Space : preparation of the area in which the group will meet – Materials: any tools, supplies, handouts, AV materials, etc. that will be needed during the course of the group – Paperwork : attendance sheet, group protocol, session plan and other forms and documents

10. Writing a session plan Clear statement of the goals for the session List of needed materials and supplies Mention of environment or setting for session Plan for introduction the group meeting Plan for conducting the activity Plan for ending the group with a discussion and summary

11. Record Keeping It is important to keep track of how the members are progressing in the group

12. Beginning and ending a group session Beginning of the session prepares the participants for what is to follow Participants need time to reflect on the experience before moving onto the next thing on their schedules 4 step approach: – Remind members of the purpose of the group – Setting the stage for discussion – Help members discuss the skills they have used – Summarize what was accomplished and encourage members to return for the next session

13. Program development superKAT :)

14. Planning the activity group Identify patients/consumers who need a group Assess their specific needs and general level of group skills Identify rules and resources in your setting Narrow the focus and outline the main goals Write a group protocol (treatment plan)

15. Group protocol Written plan that describes the goals of a group and the methods by which these goals will be achieved Outline of what will be happening in the group “treatment plan” for the group

16. Purpose Communicate with other staff who may refer members of the group Define the type of individual who may benefit from the group Clarify your goals, methods and your own role as a group leader Help identify how you will know when a group member has achieved the goals you have set

17. Name Should convey the therapeutic purpose if possible

18. Description Brief, clear, conveying purpose, accurate sense of what happens in the group Avoid using technical terms

19. Structure Time, place, size, leader’s characteristics

20. Goals or behavioral objectives Maybe multiple and extensive; should be clear, behavioral, as specific as possible

21. Referral criteria Describe kind of patient who might benefit from the group; may include intake procedure

22. Methodology Include both the medium (specific activity) and method (how the medium is used); includes detail on flow of activities during group members

23. Curriculum or agenda Only for groups who have educational (specific topic or skill taught) or topical (when you are teaching knowledge and skills in the natural environment) focus; gives specific items of instruction to be covered in a series of sessions *money management *problem solving

24. Leader’s roles State what leader will or will not do in group; address functional roles to be taken by group leader

25. Evaluation Indicates how achievement of group goals will be assessed (e.g. Patient survey, therapist observation, peer supervision/evaluation)