1. Chapter 12: Engine Types and classification

2. Automotive engines can be classified according to:
1) Number of cylinder
2) Arrangement of cylinder
3) Arrangement of valve and valve train
4) Type of cooling
5) No. of stroke per cycle
6) Type of fuel burn
7) Method of ignition
8) Firing Order
9) Reciprocating or rotary

3. 1. According to no. of cylinder
Engines can have single, three, four, five , six , eight and twelve cylinder engine

4. 2. Type of arrangement 1) Inline (in a row)
can be 3/4/5/6 in line
2) V- type ( in two rows set at an angle)
can be V-4, V-5, V-6, V-8
3) Flat (in two rows opposing each other)
Can be flat 2, flat 4, flat 6
4) Radial types (like spokes on a wheel)

6. 3) Type of cooling Air Cooled Liquid Cooled
They have metal fins on cylinder to carry away the excess heat
Liquid Cooled
Almost all automotive engines are liquid- cooled. The liquid cooled engine circulates coolant between engine and radiator to remove excess heat.

7. 4) Firing Order
According to the sequence in which cylinder fire, which is determined by the position of crankshaft rod journal in relation to each other

8. 5) Type of fuel burn Engines are classified by the type of fuel used
Gasoline engines burn gasoline
Diesel engines burn diesel fuel
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasohol (10% alcohol, 90% gasoline), and pure alcohol can also be used to power an engine

9. 6) Method of Ignition
Two basic methods are used to ignite the fuel in an engine combustion chamber:
spark ignition (spark plug)
compression ignition (compressed air)

10. 7) Arrangement of valve and valve trains
1)Engines are classified by the location of the Camshaft
a) Camshaft in cylinder block
b) Camshaft on the cylinder block
2) Type of valve train

11. 3) Type of camshaft drive: By timing gears, sprocket and timing chain, sprocket and tooth timing belt

12. 4) No. of valve per cylinder: A cylinder can have, two, three, four, five or six valves to allow the engine to breathe more freely.

13. 8) No. of stroke per cycle
Two stroke
Four Stroke

14. 9) Rotary Engine In rotary engines, rotors spin to produce power.
Gas turbine engine: Used in airplanes, helicopters, and electric generating system
Wankel engine: