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Mastectomy The removal of all or part of the breast.
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Minimally invasive surgery Any technique involved in surgery that does not require a large incision.
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Modified radical mastectomy surgical removal of the entire breast and the axillary's lymph nodes.
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MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) with the use of a high-powered magnetic field, cross-sectional images can be made of organs and structures without using x- rays.
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Nephrectomy surgical removal of the kidney.
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Needle aspiration (of the breast) uses a thin needle and syringe to collect tissue or drain a lump after using a local anesthetic.
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needle biopsy (of the breast) A procedure to remove a small piece of breast tissue using a needle with a special cutting edge, after using a local anesthetic.
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Open surgery cutting the skin and tissues during surgery to expose a full view of the structures and organs involved in the procedure
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Optional surgery An operation the patient chooses to have done, which may not be essential to continuation or quality of life. (See also elective surgery.)
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Outpatient surgery Surgery which allows the patient to go home the same day.
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Ovary One of a pair of almond-shaped glands situated on either side of the uterus. Egg cells develop in the ovaries
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Partial colectomy The removal of part of the large intestine.
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Peritoneal adhesions The peritoneum is a two-layered membrane that lines the wall of the abdominal cavity and covers abdominal organs. Sometimes organs begin to adhere to the peritoneum, requiring surgery to free the organs again.
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Plasma The watery, straw-colored fluid which carries the cellular elements of the blood through circulation.
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Pneumonectomy Removal of an entire lung, for cancer, or lung abscesses, bronchiectasis, or extensive tuberculosis.
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Post-anesthesia care unit The area a patient is brought to after surgery to recover. Also called recovery room.
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Prostatectomy Surgical procedure for the partial or complete removal of the prostate.
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Radical mastectomy Surgical removal of the entire breast, the pectoral muscles, and the aXillary lymph nodes.
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Regional anesthetic An anesthetic used to numb a portion of the body.
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Required surgery An operation which is necessary to continue quality of life. Required surgery may not have to be done immediately, like emergency surgery
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Saline solution A solution containing sodium chloride.
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Salpingectomy Surgical removal of a fallopian tube
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Shock A dangerous reduction of blood flow throughout the body
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Sigmoidoscopy Examining the rectum and sigmoid colon.
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Spinal anesthetic An anesthetic which is injected into the spinal canal fluid for surgery in the lower abdomen, pelvis, rectum, or other lower extremities.
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Splenectomy Surgical removal of the spleen
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subtotal or partial gastrectomy Surgical removal of a portion of the stomach
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Thoracotomy Surgery to view the lung and may be used to confirm cancer, or for chest trauma to detect source of bleeding.
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Thrombolytic drugs Medication used to dissolve blood clots.
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Total gastrectomy Complete removal of the stomach.
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Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy The entire uterus, fallopian tubes, and the ovaries are surgically removed.
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Total hysterectomy The entire uterus is surgically removed, including the cervix; the fallopian tubes and the ovaries remain
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Urinary retention The inability to empty the bladder.
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Uterus The hollow, muscular organ of the female reproductive system
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Wedge resection of the lung A small, localized section of the lung is removed -- often for a lung biopsy.
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X-rays Electromagnetic energy used to produce images of bones, organs, and internal organs onto film
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