1. Prohibition LO: To know what prohibition was. To be able to explain why prohibition was introduced

2. Starter activity In Jan 1920 a law called the Volstead Act introduced Prohibition. This meant that the manufacture, sale and transportation of alcohol was prohibited / banned. The Federal Government had the right to enforce this law. America was now officially ‘dry.’ Discuss and write down some reasons why this law may have been introduced.

3. Task 1 (12mins) 1. Study each cartoon on your sheet. What is the message that is being conveyed. 2. Write a caption for each one (You may do this in pairs)

6. Hun is a nickname for Germans in WW1

7. Task 1 feedback (5mins) Were your captions the same or similar to the actual cartoons? Does the caption change the message in any way?

8. What is the message of this cartoon? (6 marks)

9. What is the message of this cartoon?

10. Hun is a nickname for Germans in WW1

11. Task 2. (20mins) 1. Read pages 58-59 of white SHP 2. What was prohibition and when was it introduced? 3. Define the following terms  Anti Saloon League  The Temperance movement  Dries 4. Answer question 1-3 on p 59

12. Using your list from the start of the lesson…Can you add to your own list of reasons or extend your reasons? Time to stop and think……. LO: To be able to explain why prohibition was introduced

13. Task 3: Why was prohibition introduced? (13mins) Create a spider diagram to show why prohibition was introduced. Use all the information you have gained from the text and the sources. This is to be completed for homework if you do not finish in class time

14. Plenary- 5mins Look back at your cartoons… Can you use the knowledge you have gained today to comment on the provenance and historical context of each cartoon. Share your ideas with your neighbour LO: To be able to explain why prohibition was introduced

15. ANTI-IMMIGRANT FEELING Many people insisted that buying beer meant lining pockets of brewers in Germany. Many immigrant groups were also associated (perhaps unfairly) with alcohol (e.g.German, Irish and Italians). It has been argued that prohibition was partly influenced by the growing hostility to new immigrants WW1 XENOPHOBIA War time hysteria against all things foreign linked prohibition to patriotism. Prohibitionist propaganda characterized the liquor industry as foreign-controlled and pointed out that German-Americans owned and managed many of the nation's breweries. WW1 & GOVT During WWI federal government became more powerful as it took over railroads and factories, passed a conscription act, and curtailed liberty and free speech. Many Americans viewed the federal government as the upholder of American morality, temperance, and sobriety. To some federal government should limit individual freedoms for the sake of higher social responsibilities. PRECEDENTS SET There had been other anti-alcohol campaigns. The Maine Law of 1851, prohibited the manufacture and sale of liquors within the state of Maine. By 1855, 13 states had adopted similar legislation. During the Civil War, the federal government prohibited alcohol in the Union Army to ration grain. Why was prohibition passed?

16. MEDICAL Started to realise that alcohol damaged health Many American men suffered from Sclerosis, Many children fought their lives without their fathers, which led to families’ financial problems. POLITICAL Many votes were won in rural areas because politicians promised prohibition, which helped those politicians to win the election. Women got the vote shortly after the 18 th Amendment had passed. The campaign for female suffrage and prohibition were closely linked. ECONOMIC Many labourers got drunk and so they could not perform the job properly. Absence from work each week was very high, so the company was less efficient. The company could not afford to produce the same products in the time that they should and the industrialists were not satisfied. SOCIAL Husbands were spending their family’s saving on alcohol instead of essentials. It was believed this led to domestic abuse and ultimately divorce. The problem pressurised women the most, therefore they set up the anti- saloon groups. Why was prohibition passed?