1. Milling Machines
Used to produce one or more machined surfaces accurately on workpiece
One or more rotary milling cutters
Workpiece held on work table or holding device and brought into contact with cutter
Vertical milling machine most common
Horizontal milling machine handles operations normally performed by other tools

2. The Vertical Milling Machine
Unit 59

3. Vertical Milling Machines
Equipped with variable speed spindle drives
Permit wide range of speeds
Spindle head housing swiveled as much as 90 degrees right and left, as well as limited backward and forward for angular operations
Longitudinal and crossfeed movements of table operated by hand or automatic feeds

4. Many facing operations done with fly cutter (cost reduction).
Variety of Operations
Face milling
End milling
Keyway cutting
Dovetail cutting
T-slot and circular slot cutting
Gear cutting
Drilling
Boring
Jig boring
Many facing operations done with fly cutter (cost reduction).

5. Types of Vertical Milling Machines
Ram-type
Most common because of simplicity and setup
All features of plain horizontal milling machine
Cutter spindle mounted in vertical position
Spindle head may be swiveled allowing machining of angular surfaces
2-axis control
Step between standard milling machine and CNC machining center (PC control)

6. Heavy-Duty Vertical Milling Machine
Used for machining operations that require larger cutters and good rigidity
Adapted to operations with end mills and face mills
Profiling interior and exterior surfaces
Milling dies and metal molds
Locating and boring holes in jigs and fixtures

7. Ram-Type Vertical Milling Machine

8. Parts of Ram-Type Vertical Mill
Base made of ribbed cast iron
May contain coolant reservoir
Column often cast with base
Machined face provides ways for vertical movement of knee
Upper part machines to receive turret where overarm mounted

9. Parts of Ram-Type Vertical Mill
Overarm round and may be adjusted toward or away from column
Head attached to end of ram
Made to swivel head in one plane
Universal-type machines allow swivel in 2 planes
Motor mounted on top of head
provides drive to spindle through V-belts

10. Parts of Ram-Type Vertical Mill
Spindle speed changed by variable-speed pulley/crank or by belt changes and reduction gear
Knee moves up and down on face of column
Supports saddle and table
Does not contain gears for automatic feed
Automatic feed is external device and controls longitudinal and crossfeeds of table