1. 8-1 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

2. 8-2 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Chapter 8 Introducing and Concluding Your Speech This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Presentation Package Prepared By: Erin E. Baird University of Oklahoma

3. 8-3 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Overview WHAT SHOULD YOUR INTRODUCTION DO? WHAT ARE EFFECTIVE ATTENTION- GETTERS? HOW DO YOU ORGANIZE AN INTRODUCTION? HOW DO YOU ORGANIZE A CONCLUSION? WHAT SHOULD YOUR CONCLUSION DO? WHAT CAN YOU USE AS A "WOW" STATEMENT?

4. 8-4 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What Should Your Introduction Do? 8-4 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

5. 8-5 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Capture Your Audience's Attention "Hook 'em!"

6. 8-6 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Build Your Credibility Early Be confident – practice your introduction until you're sure of it Demonstrate your topic knowledge Point out what you, your topic, and your audience have in common Be sincere and concerned for the audience's well-being

7. 8-7 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Show your audience that they have something to gain from hearing your speech Demonstrate Audience Relevance

8. 8-8 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Introduce the Topic and Preview the Speech

9. 8-9 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What Are Effective Attention- Getters? 8-9 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

10. 8-10 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Facts and Statistics Shock value can engage your audience Are most effective if your audience does not know them

11. 8-11 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Stories, Narratives, Illustrations, or Anecdotes Personalizes your speech Helps your audience identify with your topic Be creative and selective

12. 8-12 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Quotations These can come from either real or fictional sources Use quotes or paraphrases Succinct quotes work best

13. 8-13 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Humor Relate humor to your audience, topic or occasion Try humor out on someone else Don't demean a person or group Be understood by your audience

14. 8-14 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Questions Two types: Response-evoking questions Rhetorical questions

15. 8-15 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved References To yourself, the audience, or the occasion Historical or recent events Prior speech

16. 8-16 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Example Introduction Click on the screenshot to view a video of an example introduction.

17. 8-17 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved How Do You Organize an Introduction?

18. 8-18 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Introduction

19. 8-19 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Tip from an Expert Click on the screenshot to view a video with an expert's tip on introductions.

20. 8-20 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What Should Your Conclusion Do? 8-20 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

21. 8-21 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Signal the Ending Vocal change: slow down or lower voice intensity Physical change: move from behind the podium Language signal: phrases such as, "In conclusion…"

22. 8-22 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Summarize A final chance to help your audience remember your topic Effectively and concisely restate your speech points

23. 8-23 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Elicit a Response Tell the audience what you want them to do with the information you've just given them

24. 8-24 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Create a Final Impact Make your speech truly memorable Compel the audience to clap enthusiastically The "WOW" moment

25. 8-25 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What Can You Use as a "WOW" Statement? 8-25 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

26. 8-26 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Stories, Narratives, Illustrations, or Anecdotes Help to humanize your topic Can give an emotional boost Avoid reading Keep them short!

27. 8-27 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Quotations "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." -- Neil Armstrong Direct relationship with the topic Metaphorical 8-27 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

28. 8-28 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Humor Relate it to your audience, topic, or occasion Test the material Avoid demeaning humor Ensure audience understanding

29. 8-29 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Rhetorical Questions One or a series Help your audience focus

30. 8-30 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Challenges to the Audience Help your audience act in a particular way Focus your audience's attention on a particular behavior

31. 8-31 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved References Back to the Introduction Create a frame for your speech Refer back to your speech's attention- getting introduction

32. 8-32 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved How Do You Organize a Conclusion? 8-32 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

33. 8-33 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Conclusion Conclusion should be 5% of your speech Summary statement Audience response statement WOW statement

34. 8-34 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Tip from an Expert Click on the screenshot to view a video with an expert's tip on conclusions.

35. 8-35 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What is the difference between a good rhetorical question and a bad one? What Do You Think? A good rhetorical question is attention-grabbing

36. 8-36 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved This part of your speech should have a "WOW" statement: What Do You Think? A.The introduction B.The body C.The conclusion D.The end of subpoints E.All of the above

37. 8-37 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What should your introduction do? Review Question Capture your audience's attention Build your credibility early in the speech Demonstrate how your speech relates to the audience Introduce your speech topic and preview the speech

38. 8-38 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What are effective attention-getters? Review Question Facts and statistics Stories, narratives, illustrations, or anecdotes Quotations Humor, when ethical and effective Questions References to yourself, the audience, or the occasion; historical or recent events; or a prior speech

39. 8-39 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved How do you organize an introduction? Review Question Attention-getting device Credibility material Relate the speech to the audience Preview statement

40. 8-40 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What should your conclusion do? Review Question Signal the end of the speech Summarize your speech Elicit a response from the audience Create an impact with a WOW statement

41. 8-41 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved What can you use as a WOW statement? Review Question Stories, narratives, illustrations, or anecdotes Quotations Humor, when ethical and effective Rhetorical questions Challenges to the audience References back to the introduction

42. 8-42 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved How do you organize a conclusion? Review Question Summary statement Audience response statement WOW statement

43. 8-43 DK Guide to Public Speaking, Second Edition Lisa A. Ford-Brown Copyright © 2014, 2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved