1. Native American History English III Day 6

2. Writer’s Notebook Why do Native Americans live on reservations? (Think about your history classes) If there is so little hope on the reservations, like Junior says, why do people continue to live there?

3. “The Indian Problem” White settlers generally feared Native Americans White settlers generally feared Native Americans Many attempted to ‘civilize’ Native Americans Many attempted to ‘civilize’ Native Americans Teaching English Teaching English Teaching Christianity Teaching Christianity European custums European custums

4. Indian Removal Even ‘civilizing’ Native Americans was not enough because settlers wanted to claim the land as their own. Even ‘civilizing’ Native Americans was not enough because settlers wanted to claim the land as their own. Stolen livestock Stolen livestock Burning and looting towns Burning and looting towns

5. Indian Removal Act of 1830 Gave federal government the power to exchange Native-held land for land west of the Mississippi River in the “Indian Colonization Zone.” Gave federal government the power to exchange Native-held land for land west of the Mississippi River in the “Indian Colonization Zone.” This law was meant to allow negotiations between Native nations and the US government This law was meant to allow negotiations between Native nations and the US government But it was used to force Native Americans to vacate the land they had lived on for generations But it was used to force Native Americans to vacate the land they had lived on for generations

6. The Trail of Tears 1835- Self appointed representatives of the Cherokee nation negotiated the Treaty of New Echota, but not all Cherokees agreed with the terms of the agreement. 1835- Self appointed representatives of the Cherokee nation negotiated the Treaty of New Echota, but not all Cherokees agreed with the terms of the agreement. 1838- All Cherokees are forcibly removed from Georgia while their homes were looted. 1838- All Cherokees are forcibly removed from Georgia while their homes were looted. Marched over 1,200 miles to “Indian Territory” Over 5,000 died along the journey from disease and starvation.

7. “Indian Territory” 1840- The US Government promised that their new land would be undisturbed forever. 1840- The US Government promised that their new land would be undisturbed forever. Westward expansion brought settlers past the Mississippi Westward expansion brought settlers past the Mississippi 1907- Oklahoma becomes a state, claiming what was “Indian Territory.” 1907- Oklahoma becomes a state, claiming what was “Indian Territory.”

8. Spokane The Spokane nation lived in villages in what is now Washington. The Spokane nation lived in villages in what is now Washington. 1810- explorers and traders made contact with the Spokane people 1810- explorers and traders made contact with the Spokane people Settlers introduced diseases like smallpox Settlers introduced diseases like smallpox 1860’s- Settlers continue to claim the west, searcing for gold and pushing Natives out of the area. 1860’s- Settlers continue to claim the west, searcing for gold and pushing Natives out of the area. 1877- Spokanes agree to relocate to the Spokane Reservation 1877- Spokanes agree to relocate to the Spokane Reservation

9. Today…. 1. 1.Health 2. 2.Education 3. 3.Domestic violence 4. 4.Alcoholism 5. 5.Life expectancy 6. 6.Suicide rates 7. 7.Poverty

10. Wrap Up Why do Native Americans live on reservations? (Think about your history classes) If there is so little hope on the reservations, like Junior says, why do people continue to live there?