1. ASSIGNMENT 1: CELL ANALOGY LECTURER’S NAME: DR. NORHAYATI BINTI DAUD PREPARED BY: 1.AHMAD BAIHAQI BIN MOHD ROZI (E20151011441) 2.NURASIKIN BINTI MOHD YUNUS(E20161013886 ) 3.WAN MUHAMMAD ZAIM BIN WAN ZAIB (E20161013890) 4.WAN MUHAMAD AZRI BIN WAN AZMAN(E20161013894 ) 5.NUR FATIHAH NAJWA BINTI MOHD DAWAL(E20161013895)

5. City wall protect the city by only allowing necessary things enter the city and keep the unnecessary outside the city Cell membrane just like city wall because cell membranes are semipermeable, meaning that only certain objects are able to pass through them

6. City wall structures ensure the city wall capable to overcome any problems by support and strengthen the city wall Cell wall of plants just like the city wall structures because its maintains the shape of plant cells, supports and strengthens plants, resists water pressure, controls cell growth, regulates metabolic processes for the plant, and acts as a physical barrier for the plant

7. Food processing factory provide food needed for people in the city and ensuring the production of food enough to fill out the demand Chloroplasts are organelles that perform photosynthesis by taking in sunlight and carbon dioxide and produce food from them

8. Just as cytoplasm, environment filled out all the needs of all organisms and keeps all system working Cytoplasm fills the inside of the cell and surrounds all of the internal structures and keeps the cell’s system keep working

9. Power plant heat water with coal to produce steam which spins turbines, like a chemical reaction. This spinning of turbines produce electricity to be provided to the people. Mitochondria like power plant because its function is to provide energy for the cell. This is done by transferring energy from organic compounds (like glucose) to ATP. The ATP molecule is used as an energy currency among cells.

10. Mayor is like chromatin because he play the main role that create and construct parts of a city. Chromatin is the cell's DNA. Its responsible for helping transcribe RNA, help prevent the DNA from being damaged while being compacted inside the nucleus, and assist in gene expression

11. City hall has control of what happens in the city by giving instructions to other people in the city. It’s the same for nucleus which has function to control all activities in the cell and gives other organelles instructions

12. City hall office is just like nucleolus where the members of city hall discuss and hire workers to carry out projects to ensuring all projects construct as planned Nucleolus functions are to transcribe ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assemble it within the cell

13. Gift wrap center has function to packaging and send it to the recipients. Golgi Complex (body) is like the gift wrap center because it packages, stores and ships proteins and other materials around the cell

14. Roads filled with factories has same contribution with rough endoplasmic reticulum where its contain factories that useful to the city and the residents itself Rough endoplasmic reticulum produce several enzymes and proteins, which are then secreted into the surrounding cell and its generate protective pockets, which transport protein to the Golgi complex

15. Empty road acts as a way that connecting people in all parts of city and it also help in transportation of various things in the city Its just the same as smooth endoplasmic reticulum(SER) where its acts as the site of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and transports these types of materials throughout the cells

16. Warehouse is a storage facility to the city. Its has enough space to store all the needs for people of the city and distributes it to anyone who needs food Just like the warehouse, vacoule functions as nutrients storage where all excess food, water, and waste for the cell are being stored in it.

17. City hall security function is to protects the building and only allows certain people in and out to the city hall. It’s the accurate analogy where nuclear membrane protects the outside of the nucleus, allowing certain things in and out.

18. Factory builds up all materials that need it for the city. So does ribosomes where ribosomes builds new structure and works as site of proteins synthesis

19. Landfill pack up, remove, and dispose of waste for the city’s residents. Lysosomes works as the disposal and recycling units of the cell. Its jobs to degrade materials that taken up form outside the cell and to digest obsolete components of the cell itself