1. School of Foreign Languages, Sichuan Normal University Chapter 3 English Language Teaching and Curriculum

2. English Language Teaching in China and Curriculum 1.A Brief History of English Language Teaching in China 2.Understanding of the New National English Curriculum(2001)

3. 1.A Brief History of English Language Teaching in China 1) From the beginning of foreign language teaching to the founding of the People’s Republic of China 2) English Language Teaching from 1950 to1966 3) English Language Teaching during “the Cultural Revolution” 4) A Phase of Restoration from1978 to1985 5) A Phase of Rapid Development from1986 to1992) 6) A Phase of Reform from1993 to 2000 7) A Phase of Innovation after 2000

4. 1)From the beginning of foreign language teaching to the founding of the People’s Republic of China 2) School of Combined Learning( 京师同文馆,1862) “Direct Method”

5. 2) Foreign Language Teaching from 1950-1966 predomination of Russian over English “Conscious contrast method” Notice about the Subject of Foreign Languages in High Schools( 《关于中学外国语科的通知》 by the Ministry of Education, 1956) English Teaching Syllabus( 《英语教学大纲 ( 草案 ) 》 by the Ministry of Education, 1956 and 1957)

6. 3) English language teaching during “the Cultural Revolution. During this dark period, the Chinese education was greatly destroyed. There was a widespread belief that anything connected with America was anti- revolutionary, therefore English was.again banned from schools. Foreign language teachers were branded as spies. English education was at its lowest ebb. In 1969, English teaching was restored to secondary curriculum, but no course syllabus, no teaching requirements. The teaching content was very political.

7. 4) A phase of restoration from1978 to 1985 In 1978 the first national syllabus was issued by the Ministry of Education The general aims: to learn basic phonetics, grammar as well as a certain amount of words; to develop preliminary language skills: listening, speaking, writing and translation

8. A national foreign language teachers’ organization---The National Foreign Language Teaching and Research Association was established Two journals for school teachers of English were inaugurated: Foreign Language Teaching in Schools by Beijing Normal University; English Teaching and Research for Primary and Secondary Schools by East-China Normal University

9. 5) A phase of rapid development from1986 to1992 In 1986, another English Syllabus was issued.. The general aims: to develop students knowledge about language, cognitive ability, positive attitude, personality, and to develop students’ basic ability in using English in spoken and written form.

10. 6) A phase of reform from1993 to2000 A new syllabus was issued in 1993, focusing on communication. The aims: to consolidate and develop students knowledge and basic skills; to develop the ability to use English in both speaking and writing for the purpose of communication. The reform of teaching method---from audio-lingual and grammar translation method to communicative approach Promising results: an investigation led by ZhangZhengdong et al in 1999

11. 7) A phase of innovation (From 2000 ) Reasons for innovation: the rapid development and globalization of the world problems in previous teaching: a overemphasis on knowledge whiling ignoring language ability b a lack of connection between different stages of schooling c little allowance for different learner differences d no formative assessment National English Curriculum for Nine-Year Compulsory Education was issued in 2001.

12. 2.Understanding of the New National English Curriculum(2001) a) Designing principles for the National English Curriculum  Aim for educating all students, and emphasize quality-oriented education( 面向全体学生，注重 素质教育 )  Promote learner-centeredness, and respect individual differences （突出学生主体，尊重个体 差异）  Develop competence-based objectives, and allow flexibility and adaptability. （整体设计目标，体现 灵活开放）

13.  Pay close attention to the learning process, and advocated experiential learning and participation. （强调学习过程， 倡导体验参与）  Attach particular importance to formative assessment, and give special attention to the development of competence. （注重过程评价，强调能力发展）  Optimize learning resources, and maximize opportunities for learning and using the language. （开发课程资源，拓 展学用渠道）

14. 2) Goals and objectives of English language teaching according to the New National English Curriculum The overall goal of English curriculum in basic education is to cultivate students’ comprehensive English competence, which is based on five aspects: language skills, language knowledge, emotion and attitude, learning strategies and cultural awareness.

15. The main task of the English curriculum of nine-year compulsory education is to stimulate and cultivate students’ interest and their confidence in learning the language, help them develop good learning habits and form effective learning strategies, facilitate autonomy and cooperative spirit in learning; enable students to master basic English language knowledge and skills in listening, speaking, reading and writing so that they form sufficient competence in using the language; cultivate students’ abilities to observe, to memorize, to think, to imagine and to create; increase their vision, cultivate their patriotic spirit, and help them form healthy view about life. On the basis of all of the above, we lay a good basis for their life- long learning.

16. 3)Theoretical Foundation of the National English Curriculum Constructivism Multiple intelligence

17. Workshop and Presentation Work in groups. Discuss the following questions. If you started learning English from the primary school, did you continue with English based on what you have learned when you entered junior high school or did you have to start from beginning again? How did you feel about your experience?

18. What challenges do you think teachers will face under the new English curriculum? If you were a teacher, how would you cope with?