1. CHENNAI’s PUBLIC TOILET CHALLEGE INSIGHTS FROM RESEARCH APRIL 20, 2013

2. What is the role of public toilets? Link to sustainable, inclusive city Gender equity Public health Public convenience

3. What are the problems in Chennai? Absolute gap Distribution Assets and Services Monitoring

4. Absolute gap Norm (1 seat per 60 persons) versus Reality (1 seat per 1,056 persons) Male versus female Statistics from TNSCB for undeclared slums in Chennai

5. Absolute gap (2) Toilets by ward based on observations ▫Data is incorrect ▫No toilets where they are needed RTI data from zones in old CoC

6. Distribution Spatial – physical location ▫Easy to identify core group of regular users ▫Usually, they would not have private toilets Temporal – based on time of day ▫Floating population based on activities, transit

7. Spatial distribution Map based on statistics from TNSCB for undeclared slums in Chennai

8. Temporal distribution There is a need but planning does not address them: Informal workers Street vendors Taxi drivers Autorickshaw drivers Transport hubs Informal markets Institutional areas

9. Ward 176 7 of 11 toilets did not have at least one of four criteria we deem critical for functionality of a toilet Assets and Services

10. Assets (2) Dilapidated

11. Assets (3) Misused

12. Services Blocked drains Insufficient water Insufficient bathing and washing areas ▫Critical for users who do not have private toilets and bathing and washing areas

13. Monitoring No clear lines of accountability ▫Roles and relationships between caretakers, councillors and zone officers unclear No incentive structure for maintenance ▫Person/agency responsible for providing service and person/agency responsible for monitoring the service are the same Poor grievance mechanism ▫Not centralised, not public ▫Several formats i.e post, email, SMS, phone, in person ▫Status of problem (open or closed) differs for government and citizen

14. What needs to be done? Distribution both spatial and temporal Maintenance Monitoring But CoC faces constraints  Land  Inter-department coordination  Organisation and capacity

15. Some key features of tender for new toilets CoC will specify roads for toilet locations Toilet maintenance will be covered by advertising fees CoC will be responsible for monitoring private contractors CoC official to submit monthly and quarterly inspection reports and advertisement audits to Corporation

16. Problems with tender No information on potential toilet locations Toilets may not match needs ▫Locations  In order to be profitable for the contractor, they may be located only on arterial roads and not in slums ▫Facilities  No provision for bathing and washing areas Monitoring 2000 toilets may be a challenge for CoC No grievance redressal system

17. Potential problems with tender (2) How can CoC ensure that Contractor use advertisement fee for maintenance? ▫No punitive measures for poor maintenance Is advertising a viable solution? ▫Contractors may not have capacity for maintenance or the inclination to address public sanitation ▫Advertising on public toilets will be viable only if a strict ban on hoardings is enforced e.g. New Delhi

18. Recommendations For existing toilets ▫Standardise caretaker position in all existing toilets ▫Improve accountability of caretakers ▫Convert public toilets to community toilets

19. Recommendations (2) For tender ▫Avoid moral hazard problem  Make CoC responsible for sale of advertisement space on new toilets  Transfer funds to contractor subject to maintenance reports and audits ▫Strengthen relationship between principal and agent  Separate contracts for installation and maintenance

20. What we can do Identify needs to identify location ▫Map and survey existing public toilets ▫Integrate data from other departments and agencies e.g MTC for bus depots and terminals Create grievance redressal system ▫Centralised online complaint system - public Create alliance to monitor maintenance ▫Zone-level alliance to audit and report to Steering Committee

21. VINAYA PADMANABHAN 91766.43539

22. TimeSessionDiscussion Points 3:30-4:00 Presentation of Transparent Chennai’s research  Problems in Chennai  Problems with the CoC data  CoC’s tender 4:00-5:00 Discussions and experience sharing  Problems with sanitation facilities  How to evaluate sanitation needs 5:00-5:45 The way forward – Discussions and experience sharing  Strategies to advocate for sanitation facilities  Strategy for provision and management Tea and Snacks