1. User Needs for data Oil Spills Search & Rescue IOOS Demo Project Eoin (Owen) Howlett ASA Inc. Narragansett, RI ehowlett@appsci.com SECOORA/SEACOOS Workshop UNC Chapel Hill March 2006

2. Presentation Oil Spill – Nigeria 1998 Pipeline rupture Search & Rescue Case – New York Man Overboard SAROPS – EDS Conclusions & Implementation Issues

3. USCG Data Parameters River discharge Temperature - Sea Surface/Subsurface Turbulent velocity variance Turbulent kinetic energy Turbulent dispersion coefficient Currents - Sea Surface/Subsurface Purpose: Search Object Drift and survival prediction parameters Oceanographic Turbidity Salinity Ice Thickness Ice Type Ice Cover White cap probability Wave - Significant height (sea/swell) Wave - Peak period (sea/swell) Wave - Maximum height Wave - Direction (sea/swell) Water level - tides and meteorological Purpose: Search and Rescue Planning Currents - Sea Surface

4. USCG Data Parameters Weather Type Most recent summary of current conditions Area forecast information Air temperature daily max/min Surface air temperature Wind turbulent kinetic energy Wind stress Surface Wind speed / gusts Purpose: Search and Rescue Planning Atmospheric Electromagnetic refractive index (ERI) Icing/Freezing layer Winds aloft (Altitudes of 5000 ft and greater) Cloud Layers Total Cloud Cover Ceiling altitude Visibility Atmospheric pressure Relative humidity Precipitation type/rate Icing potential Wind chill Dew point temperature Surface Wind Speed (10m) http://appsci.com/uscgdatasurvey/index.aspx

5. SAROPS EDS Data Server Access to global/regional current and wind dataAccess to global/regional current and wind data Data from NOAA, NAVY, USCG, Regional Associations, Universities and commercial providers Data from NOAA, NAVY, USCG, Regional Associations, Universities and commercial providers Observation Data (NDBC buoys, satellite, drifters, Sea Surface Radar, etc.)Observation Data (NDBC buoys, satellite, drifters, Sea Surface Radar, etc.) Operational Forecast Model DataOperational Forecast Model Data Seasonal dataSeasonal data Tidal databases (harmonic databases)Tidal databases (harmonic databases) Aggregation, Objective Analysis ToolsAggregation, Objective Analysis Tools

6. Environmental Database SAROPS Client Web Client Internet Web Service XML Request NetCDF Data Web Services Catalog Server Catalog Winds Currents Drifters Weather Architecture Data ServiceData Service Spatial Aggregation ServiceSpatial Aggregation Service Temporal Aggregation ServiceTemporal Aggregation Service Objective AnalysisObjective Analysis OGC WMS

7. Example EDS Data Sources Winds Winds FNMOC NOGAPS FNMOC COAMPS NOAA NCEP NAM NDBC Buoys NWS - NDFD Regional Models Other… Currents Currents NAVO Global NCOM NAVO Global NCOM NOAA NCEP HYCOM NOAA NCEP HYCOM ADCIRC ADCIRC Sea Surface Radar Sea Surface Radar Drifting Buoys (SLDMB) Drifting Buoys (SLDMB) Regional Models Regional Models NOAA Tides NOAA Tides Satellite Data Satellite Data Other… Other…

8. EDS Services Global Product Coastal Product Aggregated Product Regional Product Surface Radar SLDMB’s

9. EDS Services Global Product Coastal Product Aggregated Product Regional Product Surface Radar SLDMB’s NAVY Global NCOM Served via EDS Data Service

10. EDS Services Global Product Coastal Product Aggregated Product Regional Product Surface Radar SLDMB’s Tidal AdCIRC served via EDS Data Service

11. EDS Services Global Product Coastal Product Aggregated Product Regional Product Surface Radar SLDMB’s Global NCOM and ADCIRC via EDS Aggregation Service

12. EDS Services Global Product Coastal Product Aggregated Product Regional Product Surface Radar SLDMB’s Great Lakes Regional Model

13. EDS Services Global Product Coastal Product Aggregated Product Regional Product Surface Radar SLDMB’s Aggregation of short and long range CODAR

14. EDS Services Global Product Coastal Product Aggregated Product Regional Product Surface Radar SLDMB’s Objective Analysis on Drifting Buoy Data

15. EDS connected to Web Client Access to EDS global/regional current data via browser

16. Oil Spill Extension connected to EDS

17. Data Needs Good Data, readily available, timely, quality-controlled, and validated! Global coverage, offshore data as well as high resolution coastal data Observation data connected to model data Available in a standard format from a fast server Measures of Uncertainty/Error Live Archive of nowcast and forecast (3 months) Historical archive for analysis

18. Implementation Issues Need for conventions! And metadata! And Catalogs!Need for conventions! And metadata! And Catalogs! Data centralization is not feasibleData centralization is not feasible Can we please stop converting and duplicating data!Can we please stop converting and duplicating data! Not all NetCDF (OPeNDAP) sources are equalNot all NetCDF (OPeNDAP) sources are equal Consistent metocean data formats and distribution methods allows for the use of disparate data for a variety of activitiesConsistent metocean data formats and distribution methods allows for the use of disparate data for a variety of activities OGC WxS plays a role but we need more.OGC WxS plays a role but we need more. OPeNDAP support means support for a huge variety of EOS dataOPeNDAP support means support for a huge variety of EOS data Important to integrate different tools and data (Interoperability), web services enables that.Important to integrate different tools and data (Interoperability), web services enables that. Don’t forget about GRIB and other formats.Don’t forget about GRIB and other formats.

19. IOOS DMAC Modeling Support and development of the "CF" (Climate and Forecast) model output format standard (including nested grids, curvilinear coordinates, hybrid vertical coordinates, etc.)Support and development of the "CF" (Climate and Forecast) model output format standard (including nested grids, curvilinear coordinates, hybrid vertical coordinates, etc.) Support and development of a standard for unstructured grids (finite element models)Support and development of a standard for unstructured grids (finite element models) Metadata standards to describe model configurations and model runsMetadata standards to describe model configurations and model runs Assimilation-friendly delivery of in-situ and remote sensed real-time observationsAssimilation-friendly delivery of in-situ and remote sensed real-time observations

20. IOOS DMAC Modeling Bandwidth considerations for interchange of model outputs (including server-side subsetting and other forms of data reduction)Bandwidth considerations for interchange of model outputs (including server-side subsetting and other forms of data reduction) Notification of availability of data in real-time (output or input data suitable for assimilation or initialization)Notification of availability of data in real-time (output or input data suitable for assimilation or initialization) Archive considerations for model outputsArchive considerations for model outputs Data management considerations that would improve model validation capabilitiesData management considerations that would improve model validation capabilities

21. IOOS DMAC Modeling The need for uncertainty measurements to be delivered with the model productsThe need for uncertainty measurements to be delivered with the model products The interoperability advantages of using the OGC WxS standards... and some of the weaknesses in the standards or implementationsThe interoperability advantages of using the OGC WxS standards... and some of the weaknesses in the standards or implementations The challenges faced in temporal and spatial aggregation when combining products to predict drift over areas that span model domainsThe challenges faced in temporal and spatial aggregation when combining products to predict drift over areas that span model domains Specifying geospatial coordinates and "time" in the formats commonly used (NetCDF, GRIB)Specifying geospatial coordinates and "time" in the formats commonly used (NetCDF, GRIB)