1. Do Now Name two types of Mixtures Muddy water would be called what? What are the strongest chemical bonds? Define solute and solvent

2. Class Day Chapter 2 lecture notes – to page 48 pH scale Carbon compounds Properties of water – cohesion and adhesion

3. Acids, Bases and pH Water molecules polarity causes them to readily form ions. EX. H 2 O  H + + OH - Water  Hydrogen ion + Hydroxide ion No Net Charge

4. Acid- Is any compound that forms H + ions (Hydrogen ions). Acids have a pH lower than 7 and have higher concentrations of H + Base – Basic or Alkaline solutions contain lower concentrations of H + ions than pure water and have a pH value above7.

5. pH Scale

6. Buffers Buffers help maintain the pH. They are compounds weak acids or bases that help maintain a balance within a system. Ex. In human body there are dissolved compounds called buffers that maintain most fluids between 6.5 and 7.5

7. CARBON COUMPOUNDS Organic chemistry is the study of compounds with carbon bonds - organic means “contains carbon” Carbon - C atomic number 6 electrons

8. Macromolecules, Carbohydrates, Lipids,Nucleic Acids, Proteins Macromolecules – “Giant Molecules” when biological molecules form large chains from several hundred or thousands of smaller molecules.

9. Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acid, Protein Four groups of organic compounds that are found in living things.

10. Carbohydrate = carbon hydrogen oxygen in ratio of 1 :2 : 1 Monomers in starch are sugar molecules

11. Different types of sugars Monosaccharide – single sugar molecules ex. Fructose, Galactose Polysaccharide – many sugars strung together usually stored in liver and released as energy –Ex. Glycogen – stored energy –Cramps?????