1. Science, Computing and Society Week 9 Chapters 7 and 12
Computer Science 129
Science, Computing and Society
Week 9
Chapters 7 and 12

2. GRE/GMAT WORDS Paucity – lack of something Contrite – to feel remorse
Laconic – using very few words
Pugnacious – verbally combative

3. Chapter 7 Artificial Neural Networks
A collection of primitive electronic devices, that put together, simulate the human neural system
Acts similar to sensory perception

4. Chapter 7
The most basic components of neural networks are modeled after the structure of the brain and, therefore, a great deal of neural network terminology is borrowed from neuroscience

5. Chapter 7
The Neuron

6. Chapter 7 Artificial Neuron
The input paths look like dendrites, the processing element looks like a soma, the output path looks like the axon and the terminal routes look like synapses.

7. Chapter 7 Uses for neural Networks: Interpretation Prediction
Diagnosis
The most successful applications of neural networks are in categorization and pattern recognition

8. Chapter 12 LANDAUER PRINCIPLE
Rolf Landauer discovered that the process of erasing a bit of information dissipates a small amount of energy as heat.

9. Chapter 12
There is a irreversible loss of useful energy in the universe (2nd Law of Thermodynamics)

10. Chapter 12 EDGAR ALLAN POE’S “THE PIT AND THE PENDULUM”
TAKES PLACE IN DUNGEON DURING THE SPANISH INQUISITION
LIGHT SEEPING IN GIVES NEW WAY TO VIEW HIS DUNGEON

11. Chapter 12
Poe’s book is all about perspective and how things look at different times of day or after different event have happened in our lives.
Think of what the horizon looked like to men on ships back when they believed the earth was flat. They would swear they saw the end of the earth and they had better turn around or they would fall off! Now people swear they can see the curve of the earth ! (the earth is too large to see the curve of it while we are on it!!!)
We have all been in our own rooms and the pile of clothes on a chair looked like something scary.
This is all perspective. Incorporating what we know and what is going on in our lives.

12. Chapter 12 BIT AND THE PENDULUM
ILLUSTRATES WAY SCIENCE SHAPES OUR REALITY
SCIENCE IS A DESCRIPTION OF REALITY, NOT AN EXPLANATION OF REALITY

13. Chapter 12
“SCIENCE IS NOT THE SAME THINGS AS THE REALITY IT DESCRIBES. THERE IS ALWAYS A GAP BETWEEN REALITY AND THE DESCRIPTION OF IT.”

14. Chapter 12 THE UNIVERSE IS NOT
A CLOCK
A STEAM ENGINE
NOR A COMPUTER
“THESE MACHINES ARE METAPHORS FOR REALITY, NOT REALITY ITSELF”

15. What You Should Know
Define:
ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK

16. What You Should Know
Define:
LANDAUER’S PRINCIPLE

17. What You Should Know
List some uses for Artificial Neural Networks

18. What You Should Know
What are the 4 Principle parts of a Nerve Cell or Neuron

19. What You Should Know SHORT ESSAY:
HOW DOES POE’S PIT AND THE PENDULUM RELATE TO SCIENCE AND REALITY?